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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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name the 3 funtional classifications of joints
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synarthroses-immoveable
amphiarthoroses-slightly movable darthroses-freely movable |
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3 structual classification of joints
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fibrous
cartilagilous synovial |
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syndesmoses
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fibrous joint united by ligament, slightly movable
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gomphosis
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ligament holds cone shaped peg in bony socket, immoveable
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cartialgilous
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lacks synovial cavity, allow little or no movement
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synchondroses
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connecting material is hyaline cartilage, immovable
synarthroses epiphyseal plate or joints between |
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symphysis
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fibrocartilage is connecting material, slightly moveable
amphiarthroses intervetral discs and pubic symphysis |
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synovial joints
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seperates articulating bones, freely moveable articular cartilage, reduces friction, absorbs shock, articular capsule
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assessory ligament
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extracapsular ligaments-outside joint
intracapsular ligament-within capsule |
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articular discs of menisici
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attached around edges to capsule, allows 2 bones of different shape to fit tightly, increase stability of knee, torn cartilage
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bursitis
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chronic inflammation
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types of synovial joint (2)
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planar-side to side movement only
hinge joint- like door hinge |
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example of planar joint
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intercarpal or intertarsal joint, ternoclavicular joint, vertebrocostal joint
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example of hinge jointq
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knee, elbow, ankle, interphalangeal joints
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flexion
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decreasing joint angle
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extension
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increasing joint angle
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hyperextension
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opening the joint beyond the anatomical position
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pivot joint
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round surface of the bone articulates with ring formed by second bone and ligament
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condyloid joint
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oval shaped projection fits into oval depression
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ex of pivot joint
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proxiaml radiovinar joint, plantoaxial joint
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ex of condyloid joint
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writs and metacarpal joints for digits 2 to 5
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saddle joint
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one bone saddle shaped, other bone fits as a person riding saddle
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ex of saddle joint
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trapizium of carpus
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ball and socket joint
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ball fitting into a cup like depression
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ex of ball and socket joint
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hip
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rotation
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bone revovles around own longitudanial axis, medial rotation is turning of anterior surface on toward the midline
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circumduction
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movement of distal end of body part in a circle- combo of flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction occurs
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elevation
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upward
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depression
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downward
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protration
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foward
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retraction
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backward
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4 special movements of the mandible
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elevation, depression, protraction, retraction
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shoulder
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head of humerous and glenoid cavity of scapula
ball and socket |
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elbow
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troclear notch of ulna and troclea of humerous
hinge joint |
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pivot joint
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head of radius and capitulum of humerous
supination and pronation |
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hip
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head of femur and acetabulum of hip bone
ball and socket all types of movement |
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knee (tibiofemoral)
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between femur, tibia and patella
hinge joint between tibia and femur gliding joint between patella and femur flexion, extension and slight rotation |
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jaw (temporomandibular)
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synovial joint, articular discs, glide above discs, hinge below disc
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wrist ( radiocarpal)
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anticular disc, condyloid type
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ankle (talocrual)
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tibia and fibula with talus
hinge joint |
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rheumatoid arthritis
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autoimmune disorder, cartilage attacked, inflammation, swelling and pain
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osteoarthritis
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degenerative joint disease, aging wear and tear, nonimmflammatory, only cartilage is affected not synovial membrane
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gout
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urate crystals build up in joints
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