Chap 9

Front 1

joint

Back 1

articulation or arthrosis, point of contact between 2bones, bone and cartilage or between bone and teeth

Front 2

fibrous

Back 2

no synovial cavity, held together by connective tissue, little to no movement

Front 3

3 types of fibrous joints

Back 3

Suture, syndemoses (amphiaarthrosis) and gomphoses (synarthrosis)

Front 4

Suture fibrous joints

Back 4

between skull bones thin layer of dense fibrous connective tissue. synarthrosis(immovable)

Front 5

syndemoses fibrous joint

Back 5

more fibrous connective tissue, allows slight movement(amphiarthrosis) Exp: interosseus membrane between tibia/fibula

Front 6

gomphosis fibrous joints

Back 6

cone shaped peg that fits into a socket (synarthrosis) exp: Teeth

Front 7

cartilaginous joints

Back 7

no synovial cavity, fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage, little to no movement

Front 8

2 types of cartilaginous joints

Back 8

synchondroses and symphyses

Front 9

synchondroses cartilaginous joints

Back 9

connecting material is hyaline cartilage

Front 10

symphyses cartilaginous joint

Back 10

ends of articulating bones covered with hyaline cartilage but bones connected by fibrocartilage. All found in body midline (ampiarthrosis)

Front 11

synovial joints

Back 11

held together by ligaments, most common

Front 12

types of synovial joints

Back 12

planar, hinge, pivot, condyloid or ellipsoidal, saddle and ball and socket

Front 13

synovial fluid

Back 13

reduces friction, supplies nutrients and removes metobolic waste (shock absorption)

Front 14

planar or gliding

Back 14

flat or slightly curved articulating surfaces (intercarpal joints)

Front 15

hinge

Back 15

convex into concave (elbow, knee, ankle)

Front 16

pivot

Back 16

rounded, pointed surface with ring formed partially by bone and partly by ligament (atlanto-axial joint, radioulnar joint)

Front 17

condyloid or ellipsoidal

Back 17

convex oval shaped projection fits into oval-shaped depression of another bone (wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints)

Front 18

saddle

Back 18

Horse and rider configuration (carpometacarpol joint between trapezium and metacarpal of thumb)

Front 19

ball and socket

Back 19

shoulder and hip

Front 20

Bursae

Back 20

fluid filled saclike structure which alleviate friction in some joints as in shoulder and knee

Front 21

synarthrosis

Back 21

no movement

Front 22

amphiarthrosis

Back 22

slightly movable

Front 23

diarthrosis

Back 23

free moving

Front 24

tendon sheath

Back 24

tubelike bursae wrapping around tendons where there is considerable friction (shoulder)

Front 25

flexion/extension

Back 25

decrease in angle between bones/increase in angle (sagital plane)

Front 26

abduction/adduction

Back 26

movement of bone away from midline/toward midline (frontal plane)

Front 27

medial rotation/lateral rotation

Back 27

movement of bone around longitudial axis (hip, shoulder)

Front 28

pronation/supination

Back 28

movement of forearm that turns palm posteriorly/anteriorly

Front 29

eversion/inversion

Back 29

lateral movement of the sole/ medial movement

Front 30

plantarflexion/dorsiflexion

Back 30

bending of foot down/bending up

Front 31

elevation/depression

Back 31

superior movement of body part/inferior movement of body part (jaw)

Front 32

upward rotation/downward rotation

Back 32

lifting of shoulder/lowering of shoulder

Front 33

lateral flexion

Back 33

movement of trunk (leaning to the side)

Front 34

protraction/retraction

Back 34

chin forward/chin back

Front 35

circumduction

Back 35

flexion,abduction, extension and adduction in order (circle)

Front 36

atlanto-occipital

Back 36

c1-condyloid
no abduction or adduction
flexion/extension

Front 37

atlanto-axial

Back 37

atlas and axis
pivot

Front 38

intervertebral

Back 38

between the facets
gliding, flex/ext and rotation

Front 39

temporomandibular

Back 39

temple/mandible
hinge and planar

Front 40

pectoral girdle

Back 40

scapula and clavicle
protract/retract, elevate/depress, up rotation/down rotation

Front 41

glenohumeral

Back 41

shoulder joint
ball and socket

Front 42

elbow

Back 42

hinge
flex and extend

Front 43

radioulnar

Back 43

radius/ulna
pivot, rotation

Front 44

radiocarpal

Back 44

wrist
condyloid
flex/ext, ab/add, circumduct

Front 45

intercarpal

Back 45

between proximal and distal carpal bones
glide

Front 46

metocarpophalangeal

Back 46

knuckles
condyloid
flex/ext, ab/add, circumduct

Front 47

interphalangeal

Back 47

fingers and toes
hinge

Front 48

coxal

Back 48

hip
ball and socket
flex/ext, ab/add, circum, medial/lateral rotation

Front 49

tibiofemoral

Back 49

knee
hinge
flex/ext

Front 50

talocrural

Back 50

ankle
hinge
flex/ext, dorsal and planarflexion

Front 51

intertarsal

Back 51

glide
inversion and eversion

Front 52

luxation

Back 52

dislocate, displacement of joint

Front 53

subluxation

Back 53

partial or incomplete dislocation

Front 54

ROM

Back 54

how far a joint can be moved

Front 55

factors that affect joint ROM

Back 55

structure and shape of bones, stenght of ligaments, , disuse, muscle, contact of soft parts, hormones

Front 56

arthritis

Back 56

form of rheumatism in which the joints are swollen, stiff and painful

Front 57

osteoarthritis

Back 57

most common, degenerative joint disease in which joint cartilage is gradually lost

Front 58

Rheumatiod arthritis

Back 58

disease in which the immune system of the body attacks it's own tissues

Front 59

gouty arthritis

Back 59

cartilage eroded by uric waste(waste of metabolism)