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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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heredity
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passing of traits from parents to offspring
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genetics
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branch of biology that studies heredity
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monohybrid crossing
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a cross that considers one pair of contrasting traits
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true breeding
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all the offspring display only one form of a particular trait
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P generation
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first two individuals cossed in a breeding experiment
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F1 generation
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offspring of the P generation
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F2 generation
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offspring of the F1 generation
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alleles
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different versions of a gene
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dominant
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the expressed form of a trait
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recessive
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not expressed when the dominant form of the trait is present
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homozygous
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when the two alleles of a particular gene are the same
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heterozygous
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the alleles of a particular gene are different
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genotype
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set of alleles that an individual has
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phenotype
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physical apperance of a trait
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law of segregation
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the two alleles for a trait seperate when gametes are formed
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law of independent assortment
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the alleles of different genes seperate independently of one another during gamete foundation
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Punnett Square
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diagram the predicts the outcomes of a genetic cross
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test cross
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cross of a homozygous recessive individual with and individual with a dominant phenotype of unknown genotype
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probability
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the likelihood that a specfic event will occur
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pedigree
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a family history that shows how a trait is inherited
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sex-linked trait
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trait whose allele is located on the X chromosome
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polygenic trait
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when several genes influence a trait
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incomplete dominance
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when an individual displays a trait that is intermediate between the two parents
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condominance
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two dominant alleles are expressed at the same time
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multiple alleles
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genes with three or more alleles
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