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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Cell Theory |
Basic structures for all organisms |
The makeup of all substances Layout of a cell |
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Prokaryotes |
Cells that do not have a nucleus |
No solid center Little internal structure |
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Eukaryotes |
Cells that have a nucleus |
Have a solid center Contain a center for power |
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Nucleus |
Located in the cytoplasm, controls the cell and its functions |
Center of the cell Works to make the cell work |
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Chromosome |
Located in the nucleus, contain DNA and the special patterns of DNA, which make up genes; this makes the cell what it is |
Contains DNA Holds details of what makes a substance what it is |
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Nucleoid |
Located in the cytoplasm of a prokaryote (no nucleus), DNA is located in the nucleoid |
Contains DNA Does not appear in cells with a nucleus, even though the name is similar |
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Plasmids |
Small, circular portions of DNA, not associated with the nucleoid |
Forms of DNA Round |
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Flagella |
A tail-like substance that is used by eukaryotes |
Used for movement Creates momentum because it is attached t |
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Cell/Plasma Membrane |
Contains all parts of the cell, allowing movement in and out |
is just within the cell wall Keeps all parts of the cell inside, while allowing movement in and out |
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Cell Wall |
A protective layer of cellulose (a sugar) around the cell, to protect it |
Protects the cell Made of building sugar |
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Ribosomes |
Provides proteins for the cell, building chains of amino acids |
Makes chains of proteins Takes in amino acids |
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Cytoplasm |
Fluid in the cell |
Fills all cells One of many complex liquids |
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Cytosol |
Contains a cell's ribosomes, fluid in the cell, water-sollulable |
Same function as cytoplasm Separates through contact with water |
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Organelles |
One of the things that make up a cell |
One part of the cell Small parts of a cell |
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Nucleolus |
Located in the nucleus, is made up of RNA and proteins, doesn't contain DNA |
Comprised of RNA and proteins No DNA |
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Cytoskeleton |
Acts as a connector of all parts of a cell, gives the cell structure, is solid (unlike cytoplasm) |
Like the spine in the body Provides structure |
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Microtubules |
Large spiral-like substance that are comprised of proteins called tubulin; help with cell structure and movement |
Dense and spiral-like Made of proteins |
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Microfilaments |
Allows the cell to move and gives the cell structure; fine string-like proteins |
Fine and small Gives the cell structure |
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Rough ER |
Endoplasmic reticulum, disk-like shape that attaches to ribosome, help to synthesize proteins for the cell |
Disk like shape Ribosome is attached |
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Smooth ER |
Endoplasmic reticulum, tube-like shape, help to synthesize proteins for the cell |
Tube like Helps to unify proteins |
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Golgi Apparatus |
Acts similar to endoplasmic reticulum and combines molecules to make complex molecules
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Simple to complex Similar to ER |
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Vesicles |
Contains the complex molecules made by the golgi apparatus |
Molecule carrier Can hold or transport molecules |
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Lysosomes |
Used to digest things by either breaking down food or a dead cell |
Decomposition Acts a stomach acid |
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Vacuoles |
Storage in a cell that contains food and nutrients
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Is like the stomach Holds energy |
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Centrioles |
Contained in animal cells, made of microtubules and help to carry out cell processes that divide a cell |
Only found in animals Separates cells |
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Cilia |
Small hair-like substances that move back and forth to move a cell |
Used to move the cell Work by moving back and forth to create momentum |
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Mitochondria |
An organelle that takes in nutrients to create energy in a cell |
Powerhouse of the cell Provides energy |
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Chloroplasts |
Produce food and energy for the cell, are not found in animal cells |
Provides energy Only found in plants and bacterium |
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Colony |
Organisms that are grouped together |
Synonym of group Helps to function as a group |
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Multicellular |
Substance consisting of many cells to complete different functions |
Many cells together Variation of functions |
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Cell Differentiation |
Develops a cell to preform more efficiently |
Help a cell to "mature" Speed cell processes |
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Tissue |
Muscular tissues contain microfilaments which help the muscles contract or relax |
What muscles are comprised of Either contract or relax |
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Organ |
Group of cells that preform important functions in a substance |
The heart is an example of this Carry on the important functions of a cell to keep it alive |
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Organ System |
A group of organs that preform certain tasks |
Like the liver, heart, and lungs in the body Work together to make something work |
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Organism |
A living substance that can grow and reproduce |
All living things Can reproduce |
