Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Cell Cycle
|
The regular pattern of growth, DNA duplication, and cell divison that occurs in eukaryotic cells
|
|
|
Mitosis
|
The division of the cell nucleus and its contents
|
|
|
Cytokinesis
|
The process that divides the cell cytoplasm
|
|
|
Chromosome
|
One long continuous thread of DNA that consists of numerous genes along with regulatory information
|
|
|
Histones
|
Proteins; DNA wraps at regular intervals around it
|
|
|
Chromatin
|
[long and thin] Loose combination of DNA and proteins
|
|
|
Chromatid
|
Half of a duplicated chromosome
|
|
|
Centromere
|
[in the center] Holds sister chromatids together
|
|
|
Telomeres
|
Ends of DNA molecules; made of repeating nucleotides that do not form genes
|
|
|
Prophase
|
[Step 1] Chromatin condeses into tightly coiled chromosomes. The nuclear envelope breaks down, centrioles begin to move to opposite poles, and spindle fibers form
|
|
|
Metaphase
|
[Stage 2] The spindle fibers attach a protein structure on the centromere of each chromosome and align the chromosomes along the cell equator (middle)
|
|
|
Anaphase
|
[Step 3] Chromatids separate to opposite sides of the cell.
|
|
|
Telophase
|
[Stage 4]Nuclear membranes start to form, chromosomes begin to uncoil, and the spindle fibers fall apart
|
|
|
Growth Factors
|
A broad group of proteins that stimulate cell division.
|
|
|
Apoptosis
|
Programmed cell death
|
|
|
Cancer
|
The common name for a class of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell division; arises when regulation of the cell cycle breaks down.
|
|
|
Tumor
|
Clumps of cancer cells
|
|
|
Malignant Tumor
|
Cancerous tumor in which cells break away and spread to other parts of the body, causing harm to the organism's health.
|
|
|
Metastasize
|
To spread or seperate
|
|
|
Carcinogens
|
Substances known to produce or promote the development of cancer
|
|
|
Asexual Reproduction
|
The creation of offspring from a single parent and does not involve the joining of gametes.
|
|
|
Binary Fission
|
The asexual reproduction of a single-celled organism by division into two roughly equal parts.
|
|
|
Tissues
|
Groups of cells that work together to perform a similar function.
|
|
|
Organs
|
Groups of tissues that work together to perform a specific function or related functions
|
|
|
Organ Systems
|
Organs that carry out similar functions
|
|
|
Cell Differentiation
|
The process by which unspecialized cells develop their mature forms and functions
|
|
|
Stem Cells
|
A unique type of body cell that have the ability to
1. divide and renew themselves for long periods of time 2. remain undifferentiated in form 3. develop into a variety of specialized cell types |
|
|
Bengin Tumor
|
Cancer cells typically remain clustered together
|
