Chap. 4 Rocks Vocab

Front 1

Basaltic

Back 1

Describes dense, dark-colored igneous rock formed from magma rich in magnesium and iron and poor in silica.

Front 2

Cementation

Back 2

Sedimentary rock-forming process in which sediment grains are held together by natural cements that are produced when water moves through rock and soil.

Front 3

Compaction

Back 3

Process that forms sedimentary rocks when layers of sediments are compressed by the weight of the layers above them.

Front 4

Extrusive

Back 4

Discribes fine-grained igneous rock that forms when magma cools quickly at or near Earth's surface

Front 5

Foliated

Back 5

Describes metamorphic rock, such as slate and gneiss, whose mineral grains line up in parallel layers.

Front 6

Granitic

Back 6

Describes generally light-colored, silica-rich igneous rock that is less dense than basaltic rock.

Front 7

Igneous Rock

Back 7

Rock formed when magma cools or lave cools and hardens.

Front 8

Intrusive

Back 8

Describes a type of igneous rock that generally contain large crystals and forms when magma cools slowly beneath Earth's surface

Front 9

Metamorphic Rock

Back 9

Forms when heat, pressure, or fluids act on igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rock to change it's form,composition, or both.

Front 10

Nonfoliated

Back 10

Describes metamorphic rock, such as quartzite or marble, whose mineral grains grow and rearrange but generally do not form layers.

Front 11

Rock

Back 11

A mixture of 1 or more minerals, rock fragments, volcanic glass, organic matter, or other natural materials; can be igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary.

Front 12

Rock Cycle

Back 12

Model that describes how rocks slowly change from one form to another through time.

Front 13

Sediments

Back 13

Loose materials, such as rock fragments, mineral grains, and the remains of once living plants and animals, that have been moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity.

Front 14

Sedimentary Rock

Back 14

Forms when sediments are compacted and cemented together or when minerals form from solutions.