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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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structural isomers
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molecules with same molecular formula but different structures.
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Stereoisomers
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molecules in which the same connectivity but a different spatial arrangement. Can be geometric or optical isomers.
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optical isomers
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Two molecules that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of one another, ex left and right hand.
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chiral
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to be an optical isomer (a.k.a an enantiomer) an enantiomer is chiral. they differ in the direction in which they rotate polarized light and in their chemical behavior in a chiral environment.
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dextrorotatory isomer
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the enantiomer that rotates the polarization of the light clockwise
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levorotatory isomer
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the enantiomer that rotates the polarization of the light counterclockwise
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racemic mixture
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an equimolar mixture of both optical isomers that do not rotate the polarization of light at all.
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the boiling point of alkanes...?
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increases with increasing carbon.
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hydrocarbon uses and states
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alkyl groups
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branch off main chain, named with prefix-yl
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naming alkanes
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chain#,#-substituentbase
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cis isomer
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same side (top or bottom)
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trans isomer
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across.
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stereo isomer
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same form same bond diff arrangement cis and trans
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benzene prefixes
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1,4 para. 1,3 meta 1,2. ortho
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alcohols
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-anol
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ethers
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ether
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aldehydes
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-anal
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ketones
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-anone
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carboxylic acids
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-oic acid
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esters
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acetate
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amines
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-amine
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