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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Aquired immunity |
Obtained from some level beyond heredity |
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Naturally acquired |
From prior exposure to an agent or from antibodies through placenta or colostrum |
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Artificially acquired |
Through vaccination or antibody therapy |
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Specific immunity |
A host can defend against a particular agent |
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Active immunity |
Hosts own immune system defends against infectious agent |
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Passive immunity |
Antibodies are given to the host to fight infection Natural through mother Aritificial injection |
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Epitope |
Areas on an antigen where antibodies can bind |
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Haptens |
Small molecules that can act as an antigen if bouns to larger molecules |
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Antibodies are made by |
B cells in respnse to antigens |
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Each antigen can have ---- epitopes and antibodies |
Many |
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Titer |
the amount of antibody Necessary to bind and Neutralize a certain amount of antigen |
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T cells mature in the |
Thymus |
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B cells mature in the |
Bone marrow |
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Humoral immunity Antibodies are made by.... Secreted by.... |
Antibodies in blood made by b cells Secreted by b lymphocytes |
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Cell mediated immunity |
T cells bind with a particular antigen Cell bound/ intracellular |
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Primary response |
B cells responsd to antigen and make antibodies . Circulate through the body and recognize antigens they have seen before. |
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Secondary response |
Memory responses are rapid. B cell turned on to make clones. Upon 2nd expsure cells bind to virus and act faster so you dont get sick |
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Humoral immunity b cells have two functions |
1. Make antibodies 2. Activate t cells |
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Immunoglobins |
Y shaped proteins 4 chains |
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IgG |
Main ig found in blood |
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IgA |
Small amounts in blood Milk tears saliva mucus,digestice and respiratory systems |
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IgE |
Rarely found in blood, body fluids and skin |
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IGM |
First ig made by a fetus and to be screted into blood |
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IgD |
Rarely secretes, unknown function |
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Agglutination |
As antibodies bind to bacterial cells they form large complexes that clump together |
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Osponization |
Coat bacteria to aid in phagocytosis |
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Complement |
IgM and IgG bind to complement to activate this system |
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Neutralization |
Coat toxins and viruses to block action |
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Lysis |
IgM can directly lyse some cell membranes |
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What are the 5 t Cells |
T helper cells T supressor cells, can shut off the immune system Delayed type hypersensitivity cells activate macrophages and important in some allergies reactions Cytotoxic killer t cells kill infected host cells Natural killer t cells release cytokines |
