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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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general characteristics of virus |
obligatory intracellular parasites DNA or RNA protein coat no ATP |
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bacteriophages |
viruses that infect bacteria 20nm-1000nm in length |
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virion |
complete fully developed viral particle |
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capsid |
protein coat made of capsomeres |
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envelope |
lipid, protein and carbohydrate coating on SOME viruses viruses with envelopes are easier to kill |
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spikes |
projections from outer surface |
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plagues |
caused by bacteriophages clearing in bacteria lawn expressed as PFU (plaque forming unit) |
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growing animal viruses |
in living animal in embryonated eggs in tissue cell cultures CONTINUOUS CELL LINES used |
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transformed cells |
are a tumor cells that continue to grow when they touch each other |
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lytic cycle |
phage causes lysis and death of host |
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lysogenic cycle |
phage DNA incorporated in host DNA phage conversion specialized transduction |
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lytic cycle steps |
attachment penetration biosynthesis maturation release |
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lysogeny steps |
phage DNA incorporated into host DNA when host replicates its chromosome, replicated prophage DNA |
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prophage |
inserted phage DNA |
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phage conversion |
results from lysogeny host cell exhibits new properties |
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HHV-1 AND 2 |
simplexvirus cold sores and genital warts |
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HHV3 |
varicellovirus chickenpox |
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HHV4 |
lymphocryptovirus mononucleosis |
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HHV5 |
cytomegalovirus |
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HHV6 AND 7 |
roseolovirus |
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HHV8 |
rhadinovirus kaposi's sarcoma |
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papovaviridae |
double stranded DNA non-enveloped papillomavirus causes warts and can cause cancer |
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biosynthesis of RNA virus |
multiplies in host's cell cytoplasm using RNA dependent RNA |
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ssRNA+ |
sense strand viral RNA serves as mRNA for protein synthesis |
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ssRNA- |
antisense strand viral RNA transcribed to a + strand to serve as mRNA for protein synthesis |
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how do ssRNA produce DNA |
reverse transcriptase to produce DNA from viral genome viral DNA integrates into host chromosome as provirus |
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sarcoma |
cancer of connective tissue |
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adenocarcinomas |
cancers of glandular epithelial tissue |
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oncogenes |
transform normal cells into cancerous cells |
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oncogenic viruses |
become integrated into host cell's DNA and induce tumors |
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oncogenic viruses examples |
herpesviridae (epstein-barr) papovaviridae (human papillomavirus) hepatitis B |
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retroviridae |
viral RNA transcrived to DNA (with reverse transcriptase) which integrates to host DNA |
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prions |
proteinaceous infectious particles ingestion/transplant/surgical instruments spongiform encephalopathies turn PrPC to PrPSc |
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types of prion diseases |
mad cow disease creutzfeldt-jakob disease sheep scrapie fatal familial insomnia |
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PrPC |
normal cellular protein on surface |
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PrPSc |
prion protein accumulates in brain cells forms plaques |
