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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is mental imagery?
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Experiencing a sensory impression in the absence of sensory input
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What is visual Imagery?
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“seeing” in the absence of visual stimulus
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How is Visual memory useful?
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Provides a way of thinking that adds another dimension to purely verbal techniques
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Imageless-though delete
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Is thinking possible w/o images
Aristotle said “it is impossible” Others said we can Behaviorism said its unproductive |
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What is the cognitive revolution?
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Developed ways to measure behavior that could be used to infer cognitive process
Paired associate learning |
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What did Paivio say?
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Memory for works that evoke mental images is better than those that do not
Conceptual-Peg Hypothesis |
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Shepard and Meltzer experiment
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Mental chronometry
Participant’s mentally rotated one object to see if it matched another object 1st to apply quantitative methods |
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What were the results of Shepard and Meltzer experiment?
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Imagery and perception share some mechanisms
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What experiment did kosslyn do?
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Imagine-scanning
The Iland |
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What did Kosslyn’s participants have to do in their Image-scanning experiment?
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Memorize picture, create an image of it
An image, move from one part of the picture to another |
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What where kosslyn’s results in the Image-scanning experiment?
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Found that it took longer for participants to mentally move long distances than shorter ones
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What sis lea say?
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More distractions when scanning longer distances may have increased reaction time?
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Kosslyn’s island experiment
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Island w/ 7 locations, 21 strips
It took longer to scan b/t greater distances Visual imagery is spatial |
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Zenon Pylyshyn said that…
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Spatial representation is an epiphenomenon (accompanies real mechanism but is not actually a part of it
Proposed that imagery is propositional (can be represented by abstract symbols) What did Pylyshyn say about Kosslyn’s result? They can be explained by using real word knowledge unconsciously (tacit-knowledge explanation) |
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What did Finke and Pinker have participants due?
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Judge weather arrow points to dots previously seen
Not instructed to use visual memory No time to memorize, no tacit knowledge |
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What were Finke and Pinker’s results?
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Longer reaction time when greater distance b/t arrow and dot (as if they were mentally traveling)
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What did the mental-walk task show?
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Images are special like perception
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What happened during Perky’s experiment?
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Mistake actual picture for a mental image
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