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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Anatomy |
the study of structure- how its constructed |
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What is Physiology |
The study of function- how it works |
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How many topics in Anatomy |
6-
1. Gross- macroscopic-visible by the naked eye 2. Regional-all the structures in a particular region of the body 3. Systemic- system by system (cardiovascular system) 4. Surface- study of internal structures as they relate to the skin surface (identifying appropriate blood vessels to pull blood and feel pulses) 5. Microscopic- smaller than unaided eye can see- (subdivisions: cytology, histology) 6. Developmental- traces structural changes through out life span (subdivision: embryology-developmental changes before birth)
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How many topics in Physiology (system level) |
8- (tip-head to toe)
1. Neurophysiology-brain 2. Endocrine-hormones 3. Cardiovascular-heart 4. Respiratory-lungs 5. Muscle-muscles 6. Renal-kidneys 7. Gastrointestinal-intestines/colon 8. Reproductive-male/females
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Physiology at the 3 organizational level |
1. Cellular 2. Animal 3. Pathophysiology- illness/disease
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The Complimentarity of Structure and Function |
Function dependent on Structure: mineral deposits harden – bones & teeth valves in heart – keep blood flow unidirectional Function is also specific to Location cartilage is flexible and smooth– ears, nose, joints actin/myosin interacts in muscle fibers hairs – skin, scalp, axillae, nose, etc. |
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The Hierarchy of Structural Organization |
Chemical Cellular Tissue Organ Organ System Organismal |
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Chemical organization |
I. Atoms & bonds Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, etc. II. Molecules small inorganic small organic,proteins,carbohydrates,lipids nucleic acids |
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Cellular |
I. The basic structural and functional units of the organism II.Cells are specialized for particular functions, e.g., muscle cells are specialized for contracting III.Cell organelles are subcompartments with specialized tasks |
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Tissue |
Groups of different cell types cooperate to perform specific functions |
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Organ |
two or more different tissue types are organized to perform specific functions |
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Organ System |
connected organs that cooperate in related function(s) |
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Organism |
all of the organ systems working together to maintain life constitute the living organism |
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Necessary Life Functions
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Maintaining Boundaries - keeping the inside separate/different from the outside Movement - motion of the whole body, individual cells, organelles or material inside the body/cells walking/running food moving from the mouth throughout the GI tract white blood cells patrolling the body to fight infection mitochondria moving in the cell in response to oxygen Responsiveness – detecting and responding to changes in the internal/external environments nerve cells muscle cells endocrine cells |
