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130 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does SR mean on a bottle of champagne?
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SR: Société de Recoltants - a publicly registered firm of 2 or more growers sharing a winery to make & market their own indiviual brand or more than 1 brand.
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What does ND mean on a bottle of champagne?
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ND: Négociant-Distributeur - company that sells finished champagne, a middle man
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Name four large NM champagne houses that fall under the umbrella of the LVMH luxury conglomerate?
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Moët et Chandon, Krug, Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin, and Mercier all fall under the umbrella of the luxury conglomerate LVMH.
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Name the five regions of champagne.
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1. Montage de Reims (Pinot Noir)
2. Vallée de la Marne (Pinot Munier) 3. Cotes des Blanc (Chardonnay) 4. Cote de Sézanne (Chardonnay) 5. Aude aka Cotes de Bars |
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What is Rosé de Riceys?
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One of two still wine appellations in Champagne. Rosé de Riceys is reserved for 100% Pinot Noir rosé wines produced in Les Riceys, a cru village in the Aube.
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What is Coteaux Champenois?
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One of two still wine appellations in Champagne. Coteaux Champenois covers still red, white, and rosé wines from the entire champagne appellation and more. Champagne AOP covers 357 communes. Coteaux Champenois AOP covers 635 communes.
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Name the Grand Cru villages of the Côte des Blancs from North to South.
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Chouilly (white grapes only, added in 1985)
Oiry (added in 1985) Cramant Avize Oger (added in 1985) Le Mesnil-sur-Oger (added in 1985) |
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Name the Grand Cru villages of the Vallée de la Marne.
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Aÿ
Tours-sur-Marne (red grapes only) |
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Name the Grand Cru villages of the Montagne de Reims.
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Sillery
Puisieulx Beaumont-sur-Vesle Verzenay Mailly Verzy (added in 1985) Louvois Bouzy Ambonnay |
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What is The Union Auboise?
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A super co-op in the southern region of the Aube.
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What are the two premier cru villages with 99% echelle de crus ratings?
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Mareuil-sur-Ay (VM)
Tauxières-Mutry (MR) |
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How many Grand Cru champagne villages are there?
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17
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What are the RS levels for champagne, pre-2010?
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Extra Brut: 0-6
Brut: 0-15 Extra Dry: 12-20 Sec: 17-35 Demi-Sec: 33-50 Doux: 50+ |
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What are the RS levels for champagne, post-2010?
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Extra Brut: 0-6
Brut: 0-12 Extra Dry: 12-17 Sec: 17-32 Demi-Sec: 32-50 Doux: 50+ Producers are allowed a margin of +/- 3 |
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Name two villages in the Cote de Sezanne?
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Bethon
Villenauxe-la-Grande |
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What does MA mean on a bottle of champagne?
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MA: Marque d'Acheteur - Brand name owned by purchaser (grcer, private label, wine merchant, etc.)
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Name some significant wine villages in the Aube?
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Avirey-Ligney (Serge Mathieu & Dosnon)
Buxières-sur-Arce (Vouette & Sorbée) Ville-Sur-Arce (Val Frison) Celles-sur-Ource (Some Ulysses Colin vineyards & Pierre Gerbais) Polisot (Marie-Courtin) Urville (Drappier) |
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Name the only red only Eschelle de Crus Grand Cru.
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Tours-sur-Marne (VdM)
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T or F: The traditional saignée method, in which the wine gains its hue through extended skin contact, is less common than blending in the Champagne AOP.
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True. Champagne houses more commonly blend red and white wine in order to produce a rosé style. Unusual, as it is the only AOP in France to allow this production method.
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Name the only white only Eschelle de Crus Grand Cru.
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Chouilly (CdBlancs)
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What does RC mean on a bottle of champagne?
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RC: Récoltant-Coopérateur - a grower who sells his fruit to a coop, receiving partial or full payment in finished champagne, sold under growers name.
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Name the first champagne house to use cordon vine training?
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Jacquesson
Provides adequate ventilation which is useful in wet years |
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What is the name of the wire cage over the champagne cork? How many half-twists are required to release the cage?
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Muselet. Six half-twists to open
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What is the required cellar aging for NV styles in Champagne (including lees aging)? For vintage styles?
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15mos for NV styles
36mos for vintage styles |
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What is a Jeroboam? How many Liters and bottles does it amount to?
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3L
4 BTLs |
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What year was Rehoboam discontinued? What size was it (in liters and bottles)?
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1989
4.5L 6BTLs |
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What is the benchmark single vineyard champagne? What year was it first released?
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Philipponnat’s “Clos de Goisses”
1935 was the first release Originally a Blanc de Blancs now 3.5 ha Pinot Noir, 2 ha Chardonnay, but back in 1964 it was exclusively Chardonnay |
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What is the only AOP in France that allows rosé production through the blending of red and white wine?
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Champagne AOP
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What does CM mean on a bottle of champagne?
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CM: Coopérative-Manipulant - A coop of growers bottling under 1 or more labels/brands it owns
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What year was the Club Trésors de Champagne (Special Club) established?
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1971
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Name five members of the Club Trésors de Champagne. There are currently 27 members.
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Membership
Paul Bara (Bouzy) Roland Champion (Chouilly) Charlier et Fils (Montigny) Gaston Chiquet (Dizy) Forget-Chemin (Ludes) Fresnet-Juillet (Verzy) Pierre Gimonnet (Cuis) Henri Goutorbe (Aÿ) Grongnet (Etoges) Bernard Hatté et Fils (Verzenay) Marc Hébrart (Mareuil-sur-Aÿ) Hervieux-Dumez (Sacy) José Michel (Moussy) Vincent Joudart (Férebrianges) Juillet-Lallement (Verzy) Lamiable (Tours-sur-Marne) Larmandier Père et Fils (Cramant) J. Lassalle (Chigny-les-Roses) Launois Père et Fils (Mesnil-sur-Oger) Joseph Loriot Pagel (Festigny) A. Margaine (Villers Marmery) Moussé Fils (Cuisles) Nomine-Rénard (Villevenard) Salmon (Chaumuzy) Rémy Massin (Ville-sur-Arce) Vazart-Coquart (Chouilly) |
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How many bottles does a gyropalette hold?
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504 bottles
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What is a pupitre?
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Two large wooden planks fastened together in an upright “A” shape, with sixty angled holes cut into each plank of wood. Used for the purpose of manual remuage, or riddling.
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Three Classic examples of big house Blanc de Blancs Prestige Cuvee are:
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Krug (Clos du Mesnil)
Ruinart (Dom Runiart) Salon (S) |
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What are Krug's two single vineyard prestige cuvee's? What differentiates them? Which is a larger site? Where are they located?
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"Clos du Mesnil", (4.5 acres, Le Mesnil-sur-Oger)", 100% Chardonnay, located in Côte des Blancs sub-region
"Clos d'Ambonnay", (1.5 acres, Ambonnay), 100% Pinot Noir, located in Montagne de Reims sub-region |
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What was the first release of the Clos du Mesnil? Clos d'Ambonnay?
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"Clos du Mesnil": 1979, released in 1986
"Clos d'Ambonnay": 1995, released in 2008 |
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Name something unique about Krug's production.
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A distinctive feature of the winemaking at Krug is the use of small (205 litre) barrels to ferment all base wines. These are old casks that are neutral and don’t impart any oaky flavour to the wine; instead, they allow a slow, controlled exposure to oxygen that helps add complexity to the wines.
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What is "Les Folies de la Marquetterie"?
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Taittinger's single vineyard NV release:
55% Chardonnay, 45% Pinot Noir First NV release in 2006 |
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What is "Grande Sendrée"?
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Drappier's single vineyard vintage champagne:
From Urville in the Aube 55% Pinot Noir, 45% Chardonnay First vintage was 1975 (Rosé version released in 1990) |
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What is "Les Barres"?
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Chartogne-Taillet's single vineyard champagne, sometimes NV:
Ungrafted vines from Merfy in Valle de la Marne 100% Meunier Inaugural vintage was 2006 (in some years, this has been released as NV) |
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What does RM mean on a bottle of champagne?
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RM: Récoltant Manipulant - Grower Producer, no vin clair, legally able to purchase up to 5% of production. Ideally used to allow chard grower to produce rosé.
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What is "Clos St-Hilaire"
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Single vineyard vintage champagne from Billecart-Salmon
(1 ha, Mareuil-sur-Aÿ) 100% Pinot Noir 1995 |
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Who produces "R.D."? What is special about it?
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Bollinger
100% Pinot Noir a portion of the Grande Année has been kept in the cellars and disgorged at a later time - Recently Disgorged recently disgorged generally between eight and 20 years after vintage released as an extra brut, with three to four grams of sugar per liter, whereas a typical Grande Année will have around seven or eight grams. |
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Who produces "Charles de Gaulle"?
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Drappier
In Urville in the Aube 80% Pinot Noir, 20% Chardonnay Inaugural vintage was 1990 |
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Who produces "Celebris"?
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Gosset (In Aÿ of the Vallée de la Marne)
Produced as a Blanc de Blancs NV, Vintage Brut Rosé and Vintage Brut Brut: 66% Chardonnay and 34% Pinot Noir |
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Who produces "Grand Vin Signature"?
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Jacquesson (in Dizy in the Vallée de la Marne)
Inaugural vintage was 1981 (discontinued after the 2002 vintage) |
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Who produces "Grand Siécle"?
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Laurent-Perrier (Tours-sur-Marne)
(typically NV) 50% Chardonnay, 50% Pinot Noir (approx.) First NV wine released in 1960 |
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Who produces "Belle Époque/Fleur de Champagne"?
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Perrier-Jouët (Épernay)
(Brut, Brut Rosé, and Blanc de Blancs) Brut: 50% Chardonnay, 45% Pinot Noir, 5% Meunier Inaugural vintage was 1964 |
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Who produces "Cuvée Sir Winston Churchill"?
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Pol Roger (Épernay)
Pinot Noir and Chardonnay Inaugural vintage was 1975 |
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Who produces "Comtes de Champagne"?
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Taittinger (Reims)
(Blanc de Blancs and Rosé) Rosé: 70% Pinot Noir, 30% Chardonnay Inaugural vintage was 1952 |
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Who produces "La Grand Dame"?
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Veuve-Clicquot Ponsardin (Reims)
(Brut and Brut Rosé) Brut: 60-65% Pinot Noir, 30-35% Chardonnay Brut: 1969, Rosé: 1988 |
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Who produces "Cristal"?
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Louis Roederer (Reims)
(Brut and Brut Rosé) Cristal Brut: 55% Pinot Noir, 45% Chardonnay (approx.) Cristal: 1876 (not available commercially until 1945) Cristal Rosé: 1974 |
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Who produces "Cuvée Louise"?
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Pommery (Reims)
(Brut and Brut Rosé) Brut: 60% Chardonnay, 40% Pinot Noir |
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Who produces Dom Ruinart?
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Ruinart (Reims)
(Blanc de Blancs and Rosé) Rosé: 85% Chardonnay, 15% Pinot Noir Dom Ruinart: 1959, Dom Ruinart Rosé: 1966 |
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Who makes Fleur de Passion? Why is it so special? When was it released?
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Diebolt-Vallois
Blanc de Blancs 1995 from vines over 50 years of age in some of Cramant's finest parcels—Pimonts, Buzons, Goutte d'Or, Rouillées, Fourches and Gros Monts—this is fermented and aged entirely in 225-liter oak barrels, most of which are ten to 15 years old. It's made completely without malolactic, and bottled without fining, filtration or cold-stabilization |
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Who makes "Femme de Champagne"?
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Duval-Leroy (in Vertus)
Chardonnay and Pinot Noir Inaugural vintage was 1990 |
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Who makes "Vieilles Vignes Françaises"?
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Bollinger (Aÿ)
100% Pinot Noir 1969 |
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What does NM mean on a champagne bottle?
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NM: Négiocant-Manipulant, champagne "house" allowed to purchase vin clair or fruit from growers. Some NM houses own a significant portion of their own vineyards; others own none at all. Large Champagne houses with the most international presence are invariably in this category: Moët et Chandon, Louis Roederer, Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin, Billecart-Salmon, Lanson, Taittinger, Pol Roger, Perrier-Jouët, Mumm, and Laurent-Perrier.
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Who makes "Charles VII"?
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Canard-Duchene (Ludes)
NV (Brut, Brut Rosé, Blanc de Blancs, and Blanc de Noirs) |
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Who makes a champagne simply labeled as "Prestige"?
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Comtes Audoin de Dampierre (Chenay)
100% Chardonnay |
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Where is Billecart-Salmon located? Also, what are it's Prestige Cuvees?
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Mareuil-sur-Aÿ
"Grande Cuvée" (60% PN 40% CH) Vintage "Elisabeth Salmon Rosé" (50% PN 50% CH) Vintage "Nicolas François Billecart" (60% PN 40%CH) Vintage |
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Who produces a champagne simply labeled "Rare"?
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Piper-Heidsieck (Reims)
Chardonnay and Pinot Noir Inaugural vintage was 1976 |
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Who produces "Cuvée Laetitia?
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Henri-Billiot (in Ambonnay), an RM producer
Mostly Chardonnay, though his other wines are mostly Pinot Noir. Zero dosage. |
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Who produces "Cuvée Prestige"?
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Bonnaire (in Cramant), an RM producer
100% Chardonnay |
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Who produces "Substance"?
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Jacques Selosse, an RM producer in Avize
NV 100% Chardonnay |
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Who produces "Coeur de Cuvée"?
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Vilmart & Cie, an RM producer of Rilly-la-Montagne.
80% Chardonnay, 20% Pinot Noir |
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Name a Brut Nature NV.
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Pol Roger "Pure" NV
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Name two Brut Nature vintage champagnes
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Pommery "Flacon d'Excellence Nature en Magnum"
Roses de Jeanne "La Boloree" |
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Who makes "Cuvée R. Lalou"?
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G.H. Mumm (Reims)
Chardonnay and Pinot Noir Inaugural vintage was 1966 (discontinued in 1985, revived in 1998). A Cuvée de Prestige. |
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What is ratafia?
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VDL in Champagne
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What is a bouvreux?
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A second crop that occurs when rain interrupts flowering. This rarely ripens.
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What was the first house formed in champagne and when was it formed?
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Gosset in 1584 for still wine
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What was the first house to produce champagne?
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Ruinart in 1729.
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What step of champagne production was credited to Dom Perignon?
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Assemblage (Blending)
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Who was chaptalization named after and why?
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Jean-Antoine Chaptal, who discovered how much sugar it would take for a champagne bottle not to crack.
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Veuve Clicquot is credited for what step in champagne production?
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Remuage/Riddling(allows sediment to be removed under disgorgement)
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When was champagne approved as an AOP?
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1936, and it is the only AOP that doesn't need to state it.
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What is miller's pinot?
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A nickname for Pinot Meunier due to its dusty appearance.
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What is Pinot Vrai?
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True Pinot Blanc, a form of white Pinot Noir.
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What is the maximum yield for champagne?
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102L / 160kg
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Name the classic vintages of champagne dating back to 1970.
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1971, 1975, 1976
1982, 1988, 1989, 1990 1996, 1998 2002, 2004, 2005 |
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Name very poor vintages for champagne.
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1972, 1974, 1977
1984, 1987 |
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Name some other good back vintages of champagne.
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1964
1959 1945, 1947 1921, 1928 1914 |
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How many grapes are in a marc? How many liters are allowed to be produced from one marc?
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2,550 liters per 4,000 kg—a marc of grapes, the amount held in a traditional Coquard basket press (Same ratio as the press yield maximum of 102L / 160kg)
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We are looking for a 100% Pinot Meunier wine. Can you suggest a couple?
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2004 Chartogne-Taillet Cuvée Les Barres, (VdM)
2006 Michel Loriot Vielles Vignes, Valle de la Marne NV Michel Loriot Reserve Brut,, Valle de la Marne 2006 Laherte Fréres Vignes d’Autrefois NV Egly-Ouriet Les Vignes de Vrigny (MdR) NV Jérôme Prévost La Closerie Extra Brut |
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We are looking for a wine from the Aube. Can you make a few suggestions?
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2002 Drappier Charles de Gaulle Brut
NV Serge Mathieu Brut Tradition Blanc de Noirs |
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We are looking for a 100% Petit Meslier. Any ideas?
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1998 Duval-Leroy Authentis Petit Meslier (Sees oak, and is VdM)
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Name a champagne that uses all the champagne grapes.
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2002 L. Aubry et Fils Le Nombre d'Or
NV Moutard Pere et Fils Cuvee des 6 Cépages Brut |
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We are looking for some Extra Brut vintage wines. Any ideas?
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Bollinger RD (récemment dégorgé or Recently Disgorged)
2000 Pierre Gimmonet Cuvée Oenophile Extra Brut 2000 Pannier "Égérie de Pannier" Extra Brut |
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We are looking for some Demi-Sec NV.
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NV Billecart-Salmon Demi-Sec Réserve
NV Mumm Demi-Sec NV Pol Roger "Rich" Demi-Sec |
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Offer one example of a vintage Demi-Sec Champagne
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2000 Deutz Demi-Sec
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Offer some examples of Sec NV champagnes.
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NV De Venoge "Vin du Paradis"
NV Louis Roederer "Carte Blanche" NV Taittinger "Nocturne" |
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Name a Doux NV and a vintage wine.
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NV Doyard "Libertine" Doux
1995 Fleury Doux (Biodynamic house) |
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Who produces "Joyau de France"?
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Boizel
Chard and PN Inaugural vintage was 1961 |
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Name five 1er Crus from Montagne de Reims:
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There are many more, but these are the 1er cru villages I found which had important Champagne producers residing in them. Chigny-les-Roses (Cattier, J. Lasalle) Jouy-lés-Reims (L. Aubry) Ludes (Canard-Duchene, Ployez-Jacquemart, Bérêche & Fils) Rilly-la-Montagne (Vilamrt & Cie) Tauxieres-Mutry (99% Echelle des Crus) Villers-Marmery (A. Margaine) |
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Name the 1er cru villages of Vallée de la Marne
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Bisseuil Champillon Cumiéres Dizy (Gaston-Chiquet, Jacquesson) Hautvillers Mareuil-sur-Äy (99% Echelle, Philipponat) Mutigny |
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Name the 1er cru villages of Côte de Blancs
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Bergéres-lés-Vertus Cuis (Pierre Gimonnet, Larmandier et Fils) Etrechy Grauves Pierry Val-des-Mairy Vertus (Duval-Leroy, Guy Larmandier, Veuve-Fourny, Larmandier Bernier) Villeneuve-Renneville-Chevigny Voipreux |
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What departéments does the Champagne AOP cover or extend into?
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Aube Aisne Marne Haute-Marne Seine-et-Marne |
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The CIVC allows the use of Pneumatic presses or hydraulic presses in addition to the Coquard Press. True or False.
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TRUE
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What is the maximum RS that a base wine can start with in champagne?
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10g/L
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What is the Prise de Mousse?
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Secondary Fermentation in bottle. "The formation of bubbles"
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For basic Champagne AOP wines, how long must they age on lees before disgorgement?
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12mos after the date of tirage
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What sizes of Champagne bottlings do not have to be sold in the same bottle in which they underwent secondary fermentation? What is the process of the transfer to the final bottle called?
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False. Bottles smaller than 375mL and larger than 3L aren't bottled in the same bottle they undergo secondary fermentation in. Thus, those 187mL bottles and any extra large formats (Methusaleh or larger) will undergo the Transvasage or Transfer Method. Juice is transferred to a pressurized tank to preserve C02 and the dead yeast is filtered out. It is then transferred into its final bottle. For NV bottlings, up to 20% of 375mL bottles can be transferred to new bottles.
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How much of an individual year's harvest can be sold as vintage champagne? What is the limit?
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Maximum 80% of any year's harvest can be sold as vintage champagne.
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In Champagne AOP, vintage-dated wines must contain what % of a stated vintage as a portion of their contents?
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100%
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What is the min must weight required in Champagne AOP?
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143g/L
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What are the permitted training methods of Champagne AOP?
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Chablis, Cordon de Royat, Vallée de la Marne (Meunier only), Guyot, Simple or Double
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What is the training method that is allowed only for Pinot Meunier?
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Vallée de la Marne is a vine training method allowed for Pinot Meunier only
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What is the maximum yield (Rendement de Base in Champagne AOP?
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10,400kg/ha
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What is the Rebêche? What stipulations does the Champagne AOP put on it?
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The additional pressed juice that exceeds the maximum press yield of 102L/160kg is the Rebêche. It is discarded for distillation and may consist of up to 10% of the total press.
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What are other equivalent terms for Brut Nature wines?
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Brut Nature Non-dosé Brut-Sauvage Ultra Brut Dosage Zero San Sucre Pas Dosé |
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What are the vinification requirements on Rosé des Riceys AOP?
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Grapes must be vinified as whole bunches (semi-carbonic maceration)
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Who produces Campania Remensis and Reflet d'Antan?
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Bérêche Campania Remensis is a NV Extra Brut Rosé Reflet d'Antan is a solera style wine that began in 1985. |
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What is L'Overtoure des Vendanges?
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Harvest date specific for each commune set by the CIVC.
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What is the CIVC?
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Comité Interprofesional des Vins de Champagne
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Name five houses who were started in the 18th century. |
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Name five houses who were started in the 19th century. |
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When and what were the Champagne Riots? |
1910 and 1911 Beginning in 1905, the French government began drawing up laws regulating the origin and composition of wine, including boundaries to ensure provenance of products. They passed a law in 1911 outlining the boundaries of Champagne that excluded the Aube. The Aubois protested and the law was overturned as they were included. The growers of the Marne then revolted and ransacked cellars suspected of importing foreign grapes. A new bill was created to satisfy all the parties and the Aube was still included. |
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What was the 2nd single vineyard Champagne released? |
Cattier's "Clos du Moulin" out of Ludes in the MdR in 1952. |
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Give a timeline of original single vineyard bottlings in Champagne: |
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From the original 4000kg in a Coquard press, how many liters of juice is kept for the Cuvée? How much volume is the Taille? |
The total quantity of juice obtained fromthe Cuvée can be no more than 2,050L. This is the first and finest portion of the pressing. (Apart from the 100L or so that is originally drained off as free-run juice because it contains dust and impurities from the surface of the grapes). The Taille is a coarser pressing with more skin contact and it totals another 500L. Beyond this, a further pressing is the Rebêche, and this cannot be used to make wine, but instead is sent for distillation. |
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What part of production is the serre referring to? |
Each action of the press going down is called a serre. The first three serres constitute the cuvée. The next couple serres produce the taille. Beyond that, any further pressings are called the rebêche. |
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Name some producers who are known for making strictly no malolactic styles. |
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How many grams of sugar in liqueur de tirage is needed to convert 1 atmosphere of pressure. |
4 grams of sugar create 1 atmosphere of pressure so the standard pressure of 6 atmospheres needs 24 grams of sugar |
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What is MCR? What are its advantages? |
Moût concentré et rectifié (Concentrated and rectified grape must). Used sometimes as a liqueur d'expédition. Its advantages over mixing cane or beet sugar with wine is it is essentially a neutral sweetener and it doesn't oxidize over time. |
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What is jetting in relation to Champagne production? |
A new technique that seeks to regulate the oxidation that occurs as a result of disgorgement: In order to minimize the amount of air in the bottle, a tiny droplet of water or wine is added just before the cork is inserted, causing the carbon dioxide on the surface of the wine to foam up and expel the air. The cork is then put into the bottle, compressing the carbon dioxide without any air. |
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What are the two unofficial subzones of the Côtes de Bar? |
Barséquanais (All the geeky growers are here) Bar-sur-Aubois (Drappier and Urville are here) |
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What is the soil profile of the Aube? |
Kimmeridgian Marl, the same as in Chablis. |
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What are the unofficial subzones around the Côtes de Sezanne |
Côteaux du Morin Côte de Sezanne Vityrat Montgeux (J. Lassaigne) |
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Distinguish between the Rive Gauche and Rive Droite areas of Champagne. |
These unofficial terms refer to the South and North side of the Marne River in the Vallée de la Marne. Rive Gauche: South Rive Droite: North |
