Ch.7 (Respiratory System) A&p Vocab

Front 1

ducts formed from division of the respiratory bronchioles in the lower airway, each duct ends in clusters know as alveoli

Back 1

alveolar ducts

Front 2

tiny sacs of lung tissue in which gas exchange takes place

Back 2

alveoli

Front 3

the very thin membrane, consisting of only one cell layer, that lies between the capillary and alveolus, through which respiratory exchange between the alveolus and the blood vessels occurs

Back 3

alveolocapillary membrane

Front 4

a disease of the lungs caused by inhalation of asbestos particles

Back 4

asbestosis

Front 5

a reversible restrictive lower airway disease

Back 5

asthma

Front 6

a disease of the lung caused by consistent inhalation of coal dust

Back 6

black lung disease

Front 7

arteries that branch off of the thoracic aorta and supply the lung tissues with blood

Back 7

bronchial arteries

Front 8

veins that return deoxygenated blood to the heart from the lungs

Back 8

bronchial veins

Front 9

fine subdivisions of the bronchi that give rise to the alveolar ducts

Back 9

bronchioles

Front 10

medication that is designed to improve lung function

Back 10

bronchodilator

Front 11

constriction of the airway passages of the lungs that accompanies muscle spasms

Back 11

bronchospasm

Front 12

the projection of the lowest portion of the tracheal cartilage, at the level of the fifth thoracic vertebrae

Back 12

carina

Front 13

chronic inflammatory condition affecting the bronchi that is associated with excess mucus production that results from overgrowth of the mucous glands in the airways

Back 13

chronic bronchitis

Front 14

a progressive and irreversible disease of the airway marked by decreased inspiratory and expiratory capacity of the lungs

Back 14

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Front 15

three bony ridges contained within the lateral walls of the nasopharynx

Back 15

conchae

Front 16

the process by which gas dissolves in a liquid

Back 16

diffusion

Front 17

destruction of walls of the alveoli, which creates resistance to expiratory airflow

Back 17

emphysema

Front 18

a thin plate of cartilage that closes over the glottic opening during swallowing

Back 18

epiglottis

Front 19

the tubular organ posterior to the trachea, connecting the pharynx to the stomach

Back 19

esophagus

Front 20

the external openings to the nasal cavity, also called the nostrils

Back 20

external nares

Front 21

the volume of air exhaled from the lung following a forceful exhalation

Back 21

forced expiratory vital capacity (FEVI)

Front 22

the opening into the lower airway made up of the true vocal cords and the opening between them

Back 22

glottis

Front 23

the floor of the nasal cavity

Back 23

hard palate

Front 24

the point of entry for the bronchi, vessels and nerves into each lung

Back 24

hilum

Front 25

the posterior opening from the nasopharynx into the pharynx

Back 25

interior nares

Front 26

the opening of the lower airway, which consists of several cartilaginous structures held together by ligaments

Back 26

larynx

Front 27

a small portion of the left lung that is the equivalent of the middle lobe in the right lung

Back 27

lingula

Front 28

the two primary organ of breathing

Back 28

lungs

Front 29

the part of the lower airway below the larynx through which air enters the lungs

Back 29

mainstem bronchi

Front 30

a passage located below each turbinate

Back 30

meatus

Front 31

the structure that separates the nasal cavity into two parts

Back 31

nasal septum

Front 32

the ducts that drain tears from the lacrimal sac to the meatus

Back 32

nasolacrimal ducts

Front 33

the nasal cavity, which extends from the internal nares to the uvula

Back 33

nasopharynx

Front 34

the oral cavity, which extends from the uvula to the epiglottis

Back 34

oropharynx

Front 35

the pleural membrane that lines the pleural cavity

Back 35

parietal pleura

Front 36

a measurement of the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood

Back 36

partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2)

Front 37

a measurement of the amount of oxygen in the blood

Back 37

partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2)

Front 38

the measure of acidity or alkalinity of a solution

Back 38

pH

Front 39

the cavity formed by the posterior connection of the oropharynx and nasopharynx

Back 39

pharynx

Front 40

membranes of connective tissue that covers the lungs and line the inner borders of the rib cage

Back 40

pleura

Front 41

the cavity formed by the inner borders of the rib cage

Back 41

pleural cavity

Front 42

a potential space between the visceral and parietal pleura

Back 42

pleural space

Front 43

decrease in the blood pH secondary to insufficient exhalation of CO2

Back 43

primary respiratory acidosis

Front 44

increase in the blood pH secondary to excessive exhalation

Back 44

primary respiratory alkalosis

Front 45

tests that access volumes of air that move into and out of the lungs

Back 45

pulmonary function test

Front 46

the volume of air remaining in the respiratory passages and lungs after a forceful expiration

Back 46

residual volume

Front 47

structures formed by final branching of the bronchioles

Back 47

respiratory bronchioles

Front 48

the part of the brain located in the medulla oblongata that controls the respiratory stimulus

Back 48

respiratory center

Front 49

the organs and structures associated with breathing, gas exchange, and the entrance of air into the body

Back 49

respiratory system

Front 50

diseases such as black lung disease and asbestosis that result in stiffening of the lungs and significantly decreased vital capacity

Back 50

restrictive lung disease

Front 51

airway passages in the lungs that are formed from the division of the right and left mainstem bronchi

Back 51

secondary bronchi

Front 52

a device used in pulmonary function testing that measures air entering and leaving the lungs over a specific period of time

Back 52

spirometer

Front 53

airway passages in the lungs formed from branching of the secondary bronchi

Back 53

tertiary bronchi

Front 54

the volume of air inspired during normal inspiration

Back 54

tidal volume

Front 55

the structure made up of cartilage and other connective tissue that lies immediately inferior to the larynx and conveys air to the mainstem bronchi

Back 55

trachea

Front 56

the inferior portion of the vocal cords that vibrate to produce sound

Back 56

true vocal cords

Front 57

a set of bony convolutions formed by the conchae in the nasopharynx that help to maintain smooth airflow

Back 57

turbinates

Front 58

a small fleshy mass that hangs from the soft palate

Back 58

uvula

Front 59

the process of moving air into and out of the lungs

Back 59

ventilation

Front 60

the superior portion of the vocal cords, also called the false vocal cords

Back 60

vestibular folds

Front 61

the pleural membrane that covers the lung

Back 61

visceral pleura

Front 62

the amount of air moved in and out of the lungs with maximum inspiration and expiration

Back 62

vital capacity