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78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Puritans
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The migration to Massachusetts Bay during the 1630s was led by the ____, a religious group
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General Court
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An assembly in Massachusetts Bay Colony, called the ___, to which Puritan church members elected representitives
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Fundimental orders of Conneticuit
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The ___, created a government in Connecticuit which was different from Massachusetts Bay Colony in two very important ways
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Religious Tolerance
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a willingness to let others practice their own beliefs
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Sabbath
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The Puritans took their ___, or holy day of rest seriously
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Town Meetings
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At ___, settlers in Massachusetts Bay Colony would vote on issues like: What roads should be built? How much should the school master be paid?
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Charles I
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___ became king of England in 1625. He disapproved of Puritan ideas. He canceled Puritan business charters and even had a few Puritans jailed
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Massachusetts Bay Colony
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The Puritans founded it because they wanted to introduce new ideas
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John Winthrop
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A lawer and devout Puritan who became the first governor of Massachusetts Colony
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Great Migration
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Over 15,000 people journeyed to Massachusetts Bay Colony from England during between 1629 and 1640 during the ___
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Boston
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where many people from the Great Migration settled
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Thomas Hooker
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In May of 1636, a Puritan minister named ___ led about 100 settlers out of Massachusetts Bay Colony. Pushing west they eventually settled along the banks of the Connecticut River and built a town they called Hartford
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Hartford
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In May of 1636, a Puritan minister named Thomas Hooker led about 100 settlers out of Massachusetts Bay Colony. Pushing west they eventually settled along the banks of the Connecticut River and built a town they called ___
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Roger Williams
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___ challenged the leaders of Massachusetts Bay Colony and as a result he was banned from the colony. He escaped from Massachusetts Bay Colony and built a new settlement naming it Rhode Island. This was the beginning of the colony of Rhode Island
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Anne Hutchinson
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people thought she had religious errors
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Metacom
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King Phillip, was chief of the Wampanoag tribe
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King Phillip
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chief of the Wampanoags waged a war against settlers in Massachusetts Bay Colony, destroying 12 towns and killing more than 600 settlers
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Meetinghouse
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where Puritans worshiped and held town meetings
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the common
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At the center of each village in Massachusetts Bay Colony was ___, a place with an open feild where settlers cattle could graze
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William Penn
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The founder of Pennsylvania in 1681
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Peter Stuyvesant
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An unpopular governor of New Amsterdam
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The Duke of York
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King Charles II’s brother, he was renamed after New York (over New Netherlands)
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The “holy experiment"
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How William Penn thought of his community, modeling it on religious freedom, peace and Christian living
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Philadelphia
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A greek word meaning "brotherly love". A capital city located on the Deleware River
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The Great Wagon Road
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An old Iroguois trail followed by many European settlers leading them into the backcountry of Pennsylvania
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Proprietary colony
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A colony given by the king to a single individual in return for a yearly payment
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Royal Colony
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A colony under the direct control of the king
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Patroons
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Owners of huge Dutch estates given to them by the Dutch government to encourage farming in New Netherlands
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Quakers
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One of the most despised religious groups in England
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Pennsylvania Dutch
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The name given to a large number of German speaking Protestants who settled in Pennsylvania between 1730 and 1750
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Cash crops
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crops that were sold for money at market
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Sir George Calvert
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He got land from the king and he used the land to settle Maryland (for Catholics to practice freely)
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Lord Baltimore
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Was the son of Sir George Calvert and when his father died he took over for Maryland
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Chesapeake Bay
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It separated Virginia from Maryland
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St. Mary’s
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the first town built in Maryland
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Margaret and Mary Brent
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they set up two plantations of about 1000 acres each
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Nathaniel Bacon
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the leader of Bacon’s Rebellion
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Charles Town
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it became South Carolina
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James Oglethorpe
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he founded Georgia
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Savannah
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Georgia’s first settlement (town)
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The Tidewater
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it was along rivers and coastal plains, because the land was washed by ocean tides, it offered rich farmland for plantation
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The Backcountry
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west of the tidewater, had rich soil, more democratic than the tidewater, people farmed there
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The Middle Passage
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slave ships west across the Atlantic Ocean
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Mason-Dixon Line
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was more than the just the boundary between Pennsylvania and Maryland. It also divided the Middle Colonies from the Southern Colonies
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Act of Toleration
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The law provided religious freedom for all Christians
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Bacon’s Rebellion
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an organized group of angry men and women who would raid the Native Americans
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Indigo
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a plant used to make a valuable blue dye
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Debtors
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people who owed money they could not pay back
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Slave code
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a code that treated enslaved Africans not as human beings but as property
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Racism
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the belief that one race is superior to another
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Mercantilism
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The economic theory known as ___ states that a nation becomes strong by strictly controlling trade
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Exports
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trade goods sent outside a country
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Imports
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trade goods brought into a country
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Navigation Acts
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The English Parliment passed a series of ___ which regulated trade between England and her colonies
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Yankees
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merchants from New England who dominated colonial trade
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Triangular trade
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a route involving the Americas, Europe, and Africa
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Legislature
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Each colony had a ___ that had the power to make laws
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Glorious Revolution
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Colonists won more rights as a result of the ___
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Bill of rights
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a written list of freedoms the government promises to protect
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English Bill of Rights
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protected the rights of individuals and gave anyone accused of a crime the right to a trial by jury
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Negro Election Day
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blending traditions from Africa and England
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Jonathan Edwards
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A New England preacher, helped set off the Great Awakening
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George Whitefield
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An English minister, (1739, he arrived into the colonies) he drew huge crowds to outdoor meetings, he was an enthusiastic and energetic preacher, he called on the sinners to repent
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John Locke
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an English philosopher, wrote works that were widely read in the colonies
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Benjamin Franklin
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an American thinker, inventor, and statesman who was an example of the Englightment spirit
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Poor Richards Almanack
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Ben Franklin’s most popular publication
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John Peter Zenger
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a newspaper publisher whose trial for libel strenghtened the idea of freedom of the press
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Gentry
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Wealthy planters, merchants, and other successful people in the colonies belonged to the ___, the top of the social class
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Middle Class
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below the Gentry (farmers who worked their own land, skilled craftsworkers, and some tradespeople)
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Indentured Servants
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they signed contracts to work without wages for a period of 4 to 7 years
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Gullah
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the distinct combination of English and West African languages
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Great Awakening
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A religious movement in the colonies
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Public schools
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schools supported by taxes
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Tutors
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private teachers
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Apprentice
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young boys whose parents wanted them to learn a trade or craft served as a ___
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Dame schools
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private schools run by women in their own homes
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Enlightment
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a movement of the late 1600s and 1700s whose proponments believed in reason and scientific methods
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Libel
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the act of publishing a statement that may unjustly damage a person’s reputation
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