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172 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nfpa 1002 requires any driver/operator who is responsible for operating an aerial apparatus with or without a pump to meet the requirements of |
NFPA 1001 |
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Standard for fire fighter professional qualifications |
NFPA 1001 |
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In order to meet the intent of NFPA 1002 candidates must have completed |
a Firefighter I course or equivalent course |
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In addition to maintaining and enhancing skills, some departments may require a _____ of the driver/operators fitness for duty |
Medical evaluation |
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Driver/operator reading skills include |
Manufacturers operating instructions Fire service manuals and periodicals Maps, dispatch instructions, and per incident plans Department SOP's |
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Driver/operator computer skills include |
Access records, memos, bulletins, and manufacturers manuals, and inspection records Prepare and submit requests for supplies Operate mobile computer Access and operate online mapping software |
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Driver operator writing skills must include |
Complete maintenance forms, repair requests, and other standard forms and write brief narratives on reports as required |
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Driver/operators must be able to solve mathematical equations such as |
Friction loss equations |
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In accordance with NFPA 1500 a periodic medical evaluation should be administered under the direction of the_____________ in order to establish and maintain a driver/operators fitness for duty |
Authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) |
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The standard on comprehensive occupational medical program for fire departments |
NFPA 1582 |
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NFPA 1582 provides specific standards that contain information and specific details on uncorrected___________ and ______________ |
Vision, diseases of the eye |
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The AHJ should develope standards for ________ acuity |
Visual |
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NFPA 1582 contains a list of __________ that a driver/operator must be able to hear. |
Frequencies |
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In the united states the _____________ establishes the basic requirements for licensing a driver. |
department of transportation (DOT) |
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Each department must be sure that its driver/operators are licensed |
According to the laws applicable in that jurisdiction |
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Who regulates driver/operators in their duties |
Federal laws, state or provincial motor vehicle codes, city ordinances, NFPA standards, and department policies |
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Most driving regulations pertain to |
Dry, clear roads during daylight conditions |
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You must be familiar with areas in your district that are prone to |
Traffic congestion, flooding, icing, and other road hazard issues |
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Emerging envy vehicle driving exemptions may include |
Direction of travel Speed limits Direction of turns Parking statutes or ordinances |
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Legal decisions have held that a driver/operator who does not obey state, local, or department driving regulations can be subject to |
Civil or criminal prosecution if the apparatus is involved in an accident. |
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An act of proceeding to do something with a conscious awareness of danger, while ignoring any potential consequences of so doing |
Reckless disregard |
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Breach of duty in which a person or organization fails to perform at the standard required by law, or that would be expected by a reasonable person under similar circumstances |
Negligence |
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Willful and wanton disregard |
Gross negligence |
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Driving for the safety of others |
Due regard |
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The driver/operators most important responsibility |
Operate the apparatus safely during routine driving and while responding to emergency calls |
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The most comman place for a collision to occur is |
At an intersection |
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Perception of ones surrounding environment and the ability to anticipate future events |
Situational awareness |
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Before allowing driver/operators to drive on public streets, they should have |
Completed training in a practice area or other controlled environment. |
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If your apparatus is involved in a vehicle collision, the vehicle and and personnel assigned to it must remain at the scene to |
Treat potential injuries Document damage Await the police |
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It is best to anticipate _________ behavior from other drivers during emergency response |
Unpredictable |
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What are the 7 basic causes of fir apparatus collisions that reflect lack of due regard and situational awareness |
Improper backing Reckless driving Excessive speeding Lack of driving skill and experience Overload and misuse Mechanical failure Driver/operator personal readiness |
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_____________ accidents generally account for a si gnificant percentage of all damage repair costs |
Backing |
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Driver/operators have no control over |
The attitude or driving skills of the general public |
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Driver/operators have no control over the public reaction to |
Visual and audible warning devices |
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Loss of braking function due to excessive use of the brakes |
Brake fade |
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Only_____________ can ensure maximum braking efficiency |
Effective handling and braking techniques |
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Regardless of the configuration of the braking system, overheated brakes |
Lose their ability to stop the vehicle |
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Lack of driving skills may result from |
Overconfidence in your driving ability Inability to recognize a dangerous situation False sense of security because of a good record Misunderstanding of apparatus capabilities Insufficient training on a piece of apparatus |
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In a study conducted by SAE, what percent of drivers were unaware of a problem until it was too late |
42% |
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For safety reasons apparatus manufacturers recommend that water tanks be completely |
Empty, or completely full |
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Mechanical failure during travel may be |
An immediate occurrence and give no warning |
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Follow an effective apparatus maintenance program to reduce |
The likelihood of mechanical failures |
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Some causes of driver/operator impairment include |
Substance abuse Prescription drugs taken as directed Divorce, bankruptcy, impending hardship Death in family Illness Depression Fatigue |
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Per NFPA 1500 it is SOP at most departments to don your Gear before |
Getting on the apparatus, with the exception of the helmet |
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Standard for automotive fire apparatus |
NFPA 1901 |
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NFPA 1901 and NFPA 1500 establish requirements for _________ use on the apparatus |
Seat belt |
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The ultimate mission of any emergency response vehicle is to |
Safeguard the health and welfare of the people it is meant to protect |
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Confirmation that all personnel are wearing seat belts must be verified _______ before moving the vehicle |
Verbally |
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When loading hose the "observer" must have |
Visual contact with the hose loading operation, as well as visual and voice communications with the driver/operator |
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Do not allow members to ________ while the apparatus is in motion |
Stand on any portion of the apparatus |
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NFPA 1500 specifically prohibits any firefighter from riding ___________________ while the apparatus is in motion |
The tailboard, the front bumper, and the running boards |
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NFPA_________ allows for a detachable seat to be placed next to the tiller operators position in which the instructor may sit. |
1500 |
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Tillery operators and instructors must wear _______ if they are not seated in the enclosed areas |
A helmet and eye protection |
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One of the most common causes of injuries for driver/operators is |
Slips and falls when entering and exiting the apparatus |
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Always face_________when entering, exiting and climbing on the apparatus |
Inward toward steps and handholds |
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Do not step or climb on any apparatus surface unless |
It is slip resistant or handholds are provided |
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Be aware that certain steps on the apparatus may be |
Pivoting or folding in design |
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When entering and exiting the apparatus, maintain |
3 points of contact |
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During emergency response, taking time to review incident location will allow the driver/operator to consider |
Response factors such as road closings or traffic congestions |
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Allowing a diesel engine to idle unnecessarily will |
Waste fuel Lead to carbon build up Cause damage to engine components |
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Lights when the exhaust system is very hot, usually due to active regeneration in process |
High exhaust system temperature indicator (HEST) |
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Lights to indicate that the DPF is loading up with soot |
DPF indicator |
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Allows driver to manually initiate an active regeneration to burn off DPF soot |
Manual (parked) regeneration switch |
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Allows the driver/operator to keep the engine from initiating an active regeneration process |
Regeneration inhibit switch |
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The DPF collects particulates from the exhaust stream and |
Burns them more completely |
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An active regeneration is required after frequent short runs or operation in cold climates because |
The exhaust never gets hot enough to burn out the soot |
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What conditions must be met for automatic regeneration |
Engine load, exhaust temp, and engine speed are all in the acceptable range |
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During automatic regeneration the engine will begin dosing fuel into the exhaust stream to |
Raise the temperature and burn off the soot |
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Parked regeneration requires |
The driver/operator to involvement to initiate |
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Parked regeneration cannot be initiated during |
Pumping operations |
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Regeneration greatly increases |
The temp of the exhaust exiting the tailpipe |
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Do not perform parked regeneration while |
Connected to an exhaust extraction system |
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An apparatus with selective catalyst reluctant (SRC) will have a tank in addition to the fuel tank that must be filled with |
Diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) |
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Failing to keep the DEF tank full may _________ the apparatus, or ____________ |
Derate (reduce its torque output), limit the vehicle speed |
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After a driver continues to ignore the empty DEF tank, the apparatus may be |
Limited to a speed of 5 MPH, and will need service from the dealer |
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Force that tends to create a rotational or twisting motion. Measurement of engine output. |
Torque |
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Top off the DEF tank every time |
The apparatus is fueled |
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The driver /operator should never shut down an engine immediately after |
A full load operation or when the temperature gauge indicates that the engine is overheated |
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An idle time of __________ is sufficient after a full load operation |
3-5 minutes |
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Shutting down the engine too rapidly can result in |
Immediate increase in engine temp Oil film burning on hot surfaces Damage to heads and manifolds Damage to turbocharger that can result in seizure |
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Since most apparatus are shared by multiple drivers, it is essential that mirror adjustments take place |
At the start of every shift, or any time the driver responsibility changes |
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When adjusting mirrors have a partner walk around the apparatus to identify |
Blind spots |
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Drivers of an aerial apparatus must always be conscious that the aerial device may be hanging |
Several feet over the front or rear of the apparatus |
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Angle formed by level ground and a line from the point where the front tires touch the ground to the lowest projection at the front of the apparatus |
Angle of approach |
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Angle formed by level ground and a line from the point where the rear tires touch the ground to the lowest projection at the rear of the apparatus |
angle of departure |
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Angle formed by level ground and a line from the point where the rear tires touch the ground to the bottom of the frame at the wheelbase midpoint |
Break over angle |
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The driver should only use as much steering as possible to |
Keep weight transfer to a minimum |
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Too much weight on the steering axle can cause |
Hard steering and damage to the steering axle |
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Under loaded front axles can |
Make the steering axle weight too light to steer safely |
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Too little weight on driving axles can cause |
Poor traction |
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When driving down hill use service brake and auxiliary brake as well as |
Manual shifting to lower gears to limit speed |
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Engine speed faster than the rated RPM can |
Cause engine damage |
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Occurs when throttle is applied when a manual transmission is in too high a gear for the demand on the engine |
Engine lugging |
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Process of injecting or supplying the diesel engine with more fuel than can be burned |
Overthrottling |
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If engine lugging occurs the driver should not allow the engine RPM to |
Drop below peak torque speed |
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NFPA 1901 requires a placard in every apparatus that lists the vehicles ___________________ to emphasize the importance of watching for bridge and overpass limits |
Height and weight in feet and tons |
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There are __________ locations in the US where there is less than 100 feet following the railroad tracks before intersections |
19,824 |
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Locations with less than 100 feet following railroad tracks account for ______ accidents annually |
122 |
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It may take ____ to ____ times greater distance for a vehicle to stop on snow or ice than it does on dry pavement |
3, 15 |
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Guidelines to avoid collisions |
Aim high in steering- find a safe path well ahead Get the big picture- stay back watch others Keep your eyes moving-scan the area Leave yourself an out Make sure others can see and hear you |
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In slow moving traffic warning devices may be used to |
Help negotiate passage |
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Studies have shown that civilian drivers respond better to sounds that |
Change pitch |
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At speeds above _______ an emergency vehicle may outrun the effective range of its audible warning device |
50 MPH |
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Increasing the speed of an apparatus by 20 MPH can decrease the the audible distance by ____ |
250ft |
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When more than one emergency vehicle is traveling in the same route they should travel at least ____ to _____ feet apart |
300, 900 |
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Which lights are readily visible even during daylight hours |
White lights |
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Driving with high beam headlights constantly on may |
Obscure other warning lights |
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Which lights reduce the effectiveness of the reflective trim on firefighters PPE |
Warning lights and scene flood lights |
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Traffic control systems activated by a siren may be adjusted to activate from distances of |
Several hundred feet to about half a mile |
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Many jurisdictions and NFPA 1500 require all fire apparatus to come to a full stop and account for vehicles in all lanes of traffic before |
Proceeding through an intersection |
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Always travel on the ________ on multi lane roads |
Inner most lane (fast lane) |
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Never pass |
On the right |
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What helps extend the life of the service brakes and makes the apparatus easier to manage |
Engine brakes and retarders |
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The time needed to stop the apparatus or perform an evasive maneuver at the current rate of speed |
Visual lead time |
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Your visual lead time determines whether or not |
Reaction time and stopping distances will be sufficient in an emergency |
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The distance a vehicle travels from the time the brakes are applied until it comes to a complete stop |
Braking distance |
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Sum of the drivers reaction distance and the totals braking distance |
Total stopping distance |
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The distance the apparatus travels while the driver transfers his or her foot from the accelerator to the brake pedal |
Reaction distance |
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Factors that effect the drivers ability to stop the apparatus |
Road conditions Speed Weight Condition of tires and brakes |
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An uncontrolled slide across a surface in a wheeled vehicle |
Skid |
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Occurs when the gass pedal is applied too quickly |
Acceleration skid |
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Braking too hard at a high rate of speed and locking the wheels |
Locked wheel skid |
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To maintain control in a skid the driver should |
Not apply the brakes, ease off the accelerator and straighten the front wheels as the vehicle begins to respond. |
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_____________ minimize the chance of the apparatus skidding when the brakes are applied too forcefully |
Antilock braking systems (ABS) |
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When driving a vehicle with ABS the driver should apply steady pressure on the brake pedal rather than |
Pumping the brake pedal |
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NFPA 1901 requires that all apparatus with a GVWR of ____________ or greater be equipped with auxiliary braking system |
36,000 lbs. |
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Four types of auxiliary brakes |
Exhaust brakes Transmission output retarder Engine compression brake Electromagnetic retarder |
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_________________ provide the highest level of braking torque and are unaffected by transmission gear shift changes |
Transmission output retarders and electromagnetic retarders |
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Least capable of t he four auxiliary brakes |
Exhaust brakes |
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Use a valve which restrict the flow of exhaust, which creates back pressure that adds to the engines braking ability |
Exhaust brakes |
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Any device that uses the engine and transmission to impede the forward motion of the motor vehicle by compression of the engine |
Engine compression brake |
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When this is activated an electromagnetic field is created by supplying electrical power to a series of coils that inhibit the rotation of the rotor and creates a braking torque at the rear wheel |
Electromagnetic retarder |
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Uses the viscous property of the automatic transmission fluid to retard the driveline. |
Transmission retarders |
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Snow chains are ineffective in snow deeper than |
3 to 6 inches |
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This feature automatically reduces engine torque and applies the brakes to wheels that have lost traction and begin to spin |
Automatic traction control |
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Some aerial apparatus are equipped with driver controlled differential lock (DCDL) which is used to |
Improve traction and handling by locking the the differential during off road or wet weather conditions, such as snow or ice |
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With this feature each axle receives full torque from the engine |
Interaxle differential lock |
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Interaxle differential lock allows for _________ between the rear driving axles |
Different speeds |
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Designed to help prevent roll overs and tipping caused by cornering or sudden changes in direction |
Stability control systems |
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Includes a lateral accelerometer that senses when the side force caused by cornering approaches the roll over threshold, and the computer will slow the vehicle |
Roll stability control (RSC) |
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This system has a steering wheel sensor and independently applies the brakes to slow the vehicle down in the direction the steering wheel is positioned. |
Electronic stability control (ESC) |
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Before backing always walk around the vehicle to |
Clear any obstructions and shut all compartment doors |
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Requires the use of 1 or more spotters |
Backing |
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Sound 2 short blasts of the vehicles horn before |
Backing the apparatus |
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To safely back an apparatus drivers should use all means at their disposal including |
Scanning direct field of vision Videos screens Spotters |
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Methods for communication during backing can be accomplished through |
Radio or hand signals |
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Voice contact while backing is unreliable due to |
Engine noise Distance Local ambient noise |
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All firefighters performing spotting duties should be wearing |
Reflective safety vests |
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If the driver loses sight of the spotter at any time he or she must |
Stop the apparatus immediately because the spotter could be injured by the apparatus |
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If there is only one spotter the best position is |
Drivers side, 8 to 10 feet behind the rig and in the drivers field of vision |
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If glare from the sun is inhibiting visibility an additional spotter at the_________ may relay signals from the rear spotter to the driver |
Drivers side front fender |
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All hand signals should be done in a |
Slow exaggerated motion |
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NFPA ______ provides specific directions on driver/operator candidates evaluation |
1002 |
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Standard for a fire and emergency service vehicle operations training program |
NFPA 1451 |
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Written exams for driver/operators may include questions pertaining to |
Driving regulations Department regulations Hydraulic calculations Specific operational questions- pumping Department procedures or guidelines |
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NFPA _______ specifies a number of practical driving exercises that driver/operators should complete before being authorized to drive |
1002 |
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Always have a second person present when working |
On, around, or under apparatus |
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Before placing the apparatus in motion driver should ensure that any hose carried on the apparatus |
Will not come loose during travel |
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NFPA 1901 specifies that any equipment not needed while driving to the scene must be |
Secured in brackets or contained in a storage cabinet |
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Equipment brackets must be capable of restraining the equipment against a force up to |
10 times the equipments weight |
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Some hydraulic fluids are known to be |
Toxic to human tissue |
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Use a piece of wood or cardboard to detect |
Hydraulic leaks |
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Before removing a discharge cap release |
The bleeder for that discharge. |
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Do not stand in front of a discharge cap to remove it, it may |
Have pressure behind it |
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According to the US fire administration, how many firefighters were killed responding to and returning from emergencies in 2010 |
17 |
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Personal traits a driver must possess |
A balance of experience, knowledge, maturity Sense of responsibility Mental aptitude |
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Who is responsible if the driver is involved in a vehicle collision |
Driver Jurisdiction |
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This vehicle has a high incidence of design problems |
Home built water tender |
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The first thing a driver must do when starting the vehicle and to begin response is |
Disconnect the shoreline |
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When starting the engine the oil pressure gauge should fall within recommendations within |
5 to 10 seconds |
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Never rev a diesel engine before |
Shutting it down |
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Whenever a vehicle undergoes a change in speed or direction, weight transfer takes place |
Relative to the rate and degree of change |
