Ch.2 Vocab Terms

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Glorious revolution

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The Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, was the overthrow of King James II of England in 1688 by a union of Parliamentarians with an invading army led by the William III of Orange who, as a result, ascended the English throne as William III of England together with his wife Mary II of England.

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Oliver Cromwell

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was an English military and political leader best known in England for his overthrow of the monarchy and temporarily turning England into a republican Commonwealth and for his rule as Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland.

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Joint-Stock Company

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is a type of corporation or partnership involving two or more individuals that own shares of stock in the company

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Richard Hakluyt

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One of few remaining missionaries that kept the dream alive about colonizing the new world.

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Avarice

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excessive or insatiable desire for wealth or gain, or greed

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Captain John Smith

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He is remembered for his role in establishing the first permanent English settlement in North America at Jamestown, Virginia, and his brief association with the Virginia Indian.

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Sir John Rolfe

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was one of the early English settlers of North America. He is credited with the first successful cultivation of tobacco as an export crop in the Colony of Virginia and is known as the husband of Pocahontas,

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Sir Edwin Sandys

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Edwin Sandys was one of the men instrumental in establishing the first representative assembly in the new world at Jamestown by issuing a new charter calling for its establishment

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Virginia Company

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collectively to a pair of English joint stock companies chartered by James I on 10 April 1606 with the purposes of establishing settlements on the coast of North America.

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Colonial regions – New England

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The New England Colonies of British America included colonies of Massachusetts Bay Colony, Connecticut Colony, Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations and Province of New Hampshire

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Colonial regions – Middle

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the Middle Colonies became the states of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York and Deleware

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Colonial regions- Chesapeake

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the Colony and Dominion of Virginia, and Province of Maryland, both colonies located in British America and centered around the Chesapeake Bay.

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Colonial regions- Southern

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the Colony and Dominion of Virginia, the Province of Carolina, and the Province of Georgia.

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Puritans

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The Puritans were a significant grouping of English Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries

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John Winthrop

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was one of several wealthy Puritan merchants and business men who in 1628 obtained a royal charter for the Massachusetts Bay Company from King Charles I

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Congregationalism

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is a system of church governance in which every local church congregation is independent, ecclesiastically sovereign, or "autonomous

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Antinomianism

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is a belief or tendency in most religions that some therein consider existing laws as no longer applicable to themselves

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governor nicholls

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was an American attorney, politician, judge, and a brigadier general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. He served two terms as the 28th Governor of Louisiana, first from 1876 to 1880 and then from 1888 to 1892.

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Duke’s Laws

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The Duke's Laws covered nearly every facet of life on Long Island and were published in alphabetical order—from how arrests were to be carried out, how juries were to be picked, to the amount of the bounty paid for dead wolves.

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William Penn

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was an English real estate entrepreneur, philosopher, and founder and "absolute proprietor" of the Province of Pennsylvania

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Charter of Liberties

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also called the Coronation Charter, was a written proclamation by Henry I of England, issued upon his accession to the throne in 1100. It sought to bind the King to certain laws regarding the treatment of church officials and nobles.

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True and Absolute Lord Proprietors of Carolina

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Duke of Albemarle,the Earl of Clarendon,the Baron Berkeley of Stratton,the Earl of Craven,Sir George Carteret,Sir William Berkeley,Sir John Colleton,the Earl of Shaftesbury

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Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina

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contain an intriguing mixture of liberal and feudalist ideas, spanning from then modern concepts of representative government and partial religious freedom to preservation of pre-Enlightenment institutions of serfdom and slavery

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James Oglethorpe

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founder of the colony of Georgia in the United States. As a social reformer, he hoped to resettle Britain's poor, especially those in debtors' prisons, in the New World

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Peter Stuyvesant

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Stuyvesant's accomplishments as director-general included a great expansion for the settlement of New Amsterdam beyond the southern tip of Manhattan. Among the projects built by Stuyvesant's administration were the protective wall on Wall Street, the canal that became Broad Street, and Broadway

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George Fox

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Founder of the Religious Society of Friends, commonly known as the Quakers or Friends.

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"Freemen"

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a term used generally as an English or American Colonial expression in Puritan times, which referred to those persons (males) who were not under legal restraint

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Roger Williams

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English Protestant theologian who was an early proponent of religious freedom and the separation of church and state. In 1636, he began the colony of Providence Plantation, which provided a refuge for religious minorities. Williams started the first Baptist church in America, the First Baptist Church of Providence, before leaving to become a Seeker.

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Anne Hutchinson

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In early-17th Puritan living in Massachusetts, Rhode Island and New Netherlands who became the leader of a dissident church discussion group. Hutchinson held Bible meetings for women that soon appealed to men as well. Eventually, she went beyond Bible study to proclaim her own theological interpretations of sermons.

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House of Burgesses

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an elective represenative assembly.

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Sir George Calvert

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a secretary of state under King James I. He later resigned because he declared himself Catholic

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cecilius

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Cecil governed Maryland for forty-two years

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Separatists

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wanted to separate from the church of England, Separatists were most influential politically in England during the time of the Commonwealth under Oliver Cromwell

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William Bradford

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was an English leader of the settlers of the Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts, and was elected thirty times to be the Governor after John Carver died.

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Mayflower Compact

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the first governing document of Plymouth Colony. It was written by the colonists, later together known to history as the Pilgrims, who crossed the Atlantic aboard the Mayflower. Most were separatists

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Squanto

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was a Patuxet. He was the Native American who assisted the Pilgrims after their first winter in the New World and was integral to their survival