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20 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Theory
Descriptive statements or principles devised to explain a group of facts or phenomena.
Evidence-based Practice
Integrating theoretical knowledge with scientific inquiry (which may include reviewing existing scientific literature) to inform decision making.
Basic Research
It focuses primarily on generating and refining the existing knowledge base.
Applied research
People typically conduct applied research research to test different approaches and practices that pertain to real-world settings.
event-related potential- ERP
Abbriviated ERP. The process of integrating theoratical knowledge with scientific inquiry to inform decision making.
Language production
help inform practitioners of children's ability to use language expressively
Normative research
experts compile data from individuals on a certain aspect of language development and from these data determine and chart the ages by which children reach certain milestones.
Language comprehension
studies specifically tap into what children understand about language, and with the studies specifically tap into what children's language comprehension even before the children speak their first word.
Operant conditioning
a concept in B.F. Skinner's behaviorist theory that describes how behaviors are shaped by responses to the behaviors. The result is that behaviors that are reinforced become stronger and those that are punished become suppressed.
Zone of proximal development (ZDP)
the diffrence between a child's actual development level, as determined by independent problem solving, and his or her level of potential development.
genetic epistomology
The study of the development of knowledge
egocentric speech
speech that describes the worldview from only the speaker's perspective. Self-centered speech. One of the earliest forms of speech; precursor to true dialogue.
overgeneralization
the concept in the competition model that describes when children who are learning language make an irregular past tense verb regular by adding a/d/ /t/ or /id/.
universal grammar
the system of grammatical rules and constraints that are consistent in all world languages.
language acquisition device
professor of linguistics Noam Chomsky's innate, species-specific module dedicated to language and not other forms of learning.
syntactic bootstrapping
the process by which children use the syntactic frames surrounding unknown verbs to successfully constraint the possible interpretations of the verbs.
semantic bootstrapping
the process by which children deduce grammatical structures by using word meanings they acquire by observing events around them.
prosodic bootstrapping
it suggests that infants use their sensitivity to the acoustic properties of speech(e.g. pitch, rhythm, pauses,stress) to make inferences about units of language, including clauses, phrases,and words.
prevention
is to inhibit language difficulties from emerging and thus reduce the need to resolve such difficulties later in life.
Phonological awareness
the ability to focus on the sounds that make up syllables and words, and well-developed phonological awareness can help children succeed in later problems in reading achievement.