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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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agricultural revolution
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the time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering
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arithmetic density
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the total number of people divided by the total land area
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census
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a complete enumeration of a population
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demographic transition
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the process of change in a society's population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, and a higher total population
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demography
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the scientific study of population characteristics
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dependency ratio
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the number of people under the age of 15 and over age 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force
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doubling time
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the number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase
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ecumene
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the portion of earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement
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industrial revolution
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a series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods
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infant mortality rate
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the total number of deaths in a year among infants
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life expectancy
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the average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions
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natural increase rate
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the percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate
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overpopulation
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the number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living
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pandemic
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disease that occurs a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population
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physiological density
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the number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture
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population pyramid
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a bar graph by representing the distribution of population by age and sex
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sex ratio
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the number of males per 100 females in the population
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total fertility rate
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the average number of children a woman have throughout her childbearing years
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zero population growth
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a decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero
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