Ch.16 World War Ii, 1939-1945

Front 1

an agreement in which nations promise not to attack each other

Back 1

nonaggression pact

Front 2

the event on September 1, 1939 that triggered the start of World War II

Back 2

invasion of Poland

Front 3

massed tank formations used by attacking German military forces

Back 3

Panzer Divisions

Front 4

the German Air Force in World War II

Back 4

Luftwaffe

Front 5

"lightning war"- a form of warfare in which suprise attacks with fast-moving airplanes are followed by massive attacks with infantry forces

Back 5

Blitzkrieg

Front 6

heavy French fortifications on the French-German border at the beginning of World War II

Back 6

Maginot Line

Front 7

spies who aided the German conquest of Norway

Back 7

5th Columnists

Front 8

the head of the Free-French (government in exile) during World War II

Back 8

Charles DeGaulle

Front 9

Prime Minister of Great Britian (1940-1945, 1951-1955). He led Britian as a member of the Allies during World War II, and inspired the British to stand firm against Germany during the Battle of Britian

Back 9

Winston Churchill

Front 10

coastal area of France where the Germans cornered French and British troops in 1940

Back 10

Dunkirk

Front 11

a series of battles between German and British air forces, fought over Britian in 1940-1941

Back 11

Battle of Britian

Front 12

a declaration of principals issued in August 1941 by British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt, on which the Allied peace plan at the end of World War II was based

Back 12

Atlantic charter

Front 13

home to the U.S. Pacific naval fleet in Hawaii that was attacked by the Japanese on December 7, 1941 to trigger U.S. entry into World War II

Back 13

Pearl Harbor

Front 14

naval conflict in May 1942 that involved the use of aircraft carriers, and stopped the Japanese expansion toward Australia

Back 14

Battle of Coral Sea

Front 15

a 1942 sea and air battle of World War II, in which American forces defeated Japanese forces in the Central Pacific

Back 15

Battle of Midway

Front 16

Supreme Allied commander of the Pacific theatre of World War II. He later accepted the Japanese surrender aboard the U.S.S. Missouri in September 1945

Back 16

Douglas MacArthur

Front 17

a 1942-1943 battle of World War II, in which Allied troops drove Japanese forces from the Pacific island of Guadalcanal

Back 17

Battle of Guadalcanal

Front 18

to the Nazis, the German people who formed a "master race"

Back 18

Aryans

Front 19

a mass slaughter of Jews and other civilians, carried out by the Nazi government of Germany before and during World War II

Back 19

holocaust

Front 20

"night of broken glass"-the night of November 9, 1938, on which Nazi storm troopers attacked Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues throughout Germany

Back 20

kristallnacht

Front 21

city neighborhoods in which European Jews were forced to live

Back 21

ghettos

Front 22

Hitler's program of systematically killing the entire Jewish people

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final solution

Front 23

the systematic killing of an entire people

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genocide

Front 24

The best German tank commander and leader of he German land war effort in North Africa, and later in Western Europe. He was linked to a plot assassinate Hitler, and forced to choose between a public trial and execution or suicide and a state funeral. He took poison in October 1944.

Back 24

General Erwin Rommel

Front 25

British commander in the North African campaign and the Battle of El Alamein during World War II

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General Bernard Montgomery

Front 26

code name for the Allied invasion of North Africa in 1942 to secure vital oil supply lines

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Operation Torch

Front 27

Supreme Allied commander of the European theatre of World War II. He coordinated the plan for the Normandy invasion in 1944, and later secured the surrender of the German military in May 1945

Back 27

General Dwight D. Eisenhower

Front 28

a 1942-1943 battle of World War II, in which German forces were defeated in their attempt to capture the city of Stalingrad in the Soviet Union

Back 28

Battle of Stalingrad

Front 29

the imprisionment of Japanese-Americans during World War II because they were considered a threat to the U.S. after the attack on Pearl Harbor. 31,275 people were wrongly considered "enemy aliens" (foreigners). Most were American citizens of Japanese descent.

Back 29

Internment Camps

Front 30

code name for the allied invasion of Normandy in June 1944

Back 30

Operation Overload

Front 31

June 6, 1944-the day on which the Allies began their invasion of the European mainland during World War II

Back 31

D-Day

Front 32

a 1944-1945 battle in which Allied forces turned back the last major German offensive of World War II

Back 32

Battle of the Bulge

Front 33

during World War II, Japanese suicide pilots trained to sink Allied ships by crashing bomb-filled planes into them

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kamikaze

Front 34

dropped on Hiroshima (August 6) and Nagasaki (August 9) 1945 that brought a conclusion to World War II, and prevented an Allied invasion of Japan

Back 34

atomic bombs

Front 35

a series of court proceedings held in Nuremberg, Germany after World War II, in which Nazi leaders were tried for agression, violations of the rules of war, and crimes against humanity

Back 35

Nuremberg Trials

Front 36

a reduction in a country's ability to wage war, achieved by disbanding its armed forces and prohibiting it from acquiring weapons

Back 36

demilitarization

Front 37

the process of creating a government elected by the people

Back 37

democratization