Ch.14 Stages Of Disease Development And Disease Transmission

Front 1

The Stages of Disease Development

Back 1

1. Incubation Period
2. Prodomal period
3. Invasive Phase

Front 2

Incubation Period

Back 2

Time between the initial infection and the first signs or symptoms

Most are contagious

Front 3

Prodomal Period

Back 3

Mild symptoms; non-specific or specific

Front 4

Invasive Period

Back 4

Intense and major symptoms

Front 5

The Stages of Disease

Back 5

1. Incubation
2. Prodomal
3. Invasive (period of illness)
4. Period of Decline
5. Convalescence

Front 6

Reservoir

Back 6

Since pathogens cannot survive outside the host for very long, there has to be some place where they can maintain their infection

Ex: Mosquitoes, humans, the water

Front 7

Continual Sources of infection can be _______ or _________.

Back 7

Living (Humans and animals) or

Nonliving (rusty nail, soil, water, drinking glasses)

Front 8

Zoonose

Back 8

A disease that is primarily in animals but can be transmitted to humans :

ex: Lyme Disease and Rabies

Front 9

Direct Contact

Back 9

When there is close association between the infected person and a possible host

ex: cough into hand and shake hand

Front 10

Indirect Contact

Back 10

Spread by FOMITES (non living)

ex: glasses, utencils, syringes

Front 11

Droplet

Back 11

Disease is spread through the air via airborne droplets

ex: coughing, talking, sneezing

Front 12

Vehicle Transmission

Back 12

Disease is spread by an inanimate reservoir

ex: water, food, air

Front 13

Vectors

Back 13

Disease is spread by arthropods such as ticks, fleas, flies, mosquitoes

Front 14

Mechanical Transmission by Vectors

Back 14

Disease is spread passively through the arthropod which carries the infection on its feet

ex: flies on our food

Front 15

Biological Transmission

Back 15

Disease is spread when the pathogen reproduces in the vector, and then the vector goes and bites a person

ex: Mosquitoes get infected with malaria, and then they go and bite a person

Front 16

Nosocomial Infection

Back 16

When the infection is acquired by a stay at the hospital; 5-15%

Front 17

The Possible Chain of Transmission for a Nosocomial Infection

Back 17

1. The staff can give to patient
2. A patient can give to another patient
3. Fomites (nonliving) to patient [catheter]
4. Ventilation system to patient