Ch.14 Sense Organs, Eyes. Clinical Anatomy And Physiology For Vet Techs (Colvile/bassert) 2Nd Edition

Front 1

Terms used for eye (2)

Back 1

1. Ocular

2. ophthalm (combining form)

Front 2

Name the 3 major layers of the eyeball

Back 2

1. Fibrous layer

2. Vascular layer

3. Nervous layer

Front 3

Name the 3 structures in the fibrous layer.

Back 3

1. Cornea

2. Sclera

3. Limbus

Front 4

Define each fibrous layer structure:

1. Cornea

2. Sclera

3. Limbus

Back 4

1. Transparent, admits light to interior of the eye

2. White of the eye

3. Junction of cornea and sclera

Front 5

Name the 3 parts of the Vascular layer

Back 5

1. Choroid

2. Iris

3. Ciliary body

Front 6

Define each vascular layer structure:

1. Choroid

2. Iris

3. Ciliary body

Back 6

1. Between sclera and retina. pigmented and vessels. forms the tapetum.

2. Pigmented muscular diaphragm. Controls amount of light that enters posterior part of eyeball

3. Ring shaped structure behind the iris that adjusts the shoe of the lens to allow near and far vision

Front 7

Define suspensory ligaments

Back 7

Tiny ligaments that attach to the periphery of the lens of the eye and connect to ciliary body

How the ciliary muscles exert and relieve tension on the lens to adjust vision for distance

Front 8

Name the only part in the nervous layer of the eyeball.

Back 8

Retina

Front 9

Describe the retina

Back 9

Multilayers that lines the back of the eye

Contains the sensory receptors for vision- rod and cones ( photoreceptor cells)

Contains optic disc

Front 10

Name the 5 layers of the retina

Back 10

1. Pigment

2. Photoreceptor

3. Bipolar cell

4. Ganglion cell

5. Layer of nerve fibers

Front 11

Define optic disc

Back 11

Site where nerve fibers on the inside surface of the retina converge and leave the eye to form the optic nerve

Front 12

Define each photoreceptor cell:

1. Rods

2. Cones

Back 12

1. More sensitive to light. allows dim light vision

2. more sensitive to color and detail

Front 13

Name the 2 eye compartments.

Name the 2 eye chambers.

Back 13

1. Aqueous

2. Vitreous

1. Anterior

2. Posterior

Front 14

Describe the 2 eye compartments:

1. Aqueous

2. Vitreous

Back 14

1. Contains clear watery liquid -aqueous humor.

subdivided by iris into chambers

2. Contains clear gelatinous fluid -vitreous humor

Vitreous humor fills whole back of eyeball behind lens and ciliary body

Front 15

Where is aqueous humor produced?

Back 15

In the posterior chamber by the cells of the ciliary body

Front 16

Describe the 2 eye chambers:

1. Anterior

2. Posterior

Back 16

1. Space in front of the iris

2. Space between the iris and the lens. produces aqueous humor

Front 17

What does the lens do?

Back 17

Helps focus a clear image on the retina

Front 18

Describe Accommodation process in the lens

Back 18

Process by which the shape of the lens is changed to allow close-up or distant vision

uses ciliary muscles and suspensory ligaments

Front 19

Name the four parts that help form the visual image

Back 19

1. Cornea

2. Aqueous humor

3. Lens

4. Vitreous humor

Front 20

Define each:

1. Conjucntiva

2. Bulbar conjunctiva

3. Palpebral conjunctiva

4. Conjunctival sac

Back 20

1. Thin, transparent membrane

2. Portion of membrane covering front of eyeball

3. Portion of membrane lining inside of eyelids

4. Space between eyeball and eyelids

Front 21

Define each:

1. Eyelid

2. Lateral canthus

3. Medial canthus

4. Tarsal (meibomian) glands

Back 21

1. Upper/lower folds of skin lined by conjunctiva

2. Outer corner of eyelids

3. Inner corner of eyelids

4. Lines margins of each eyelid. Produces waxy substance that prevents tears from overflowing

Front 22

Describe the third eyelid

Back 22

Also called nictitating membrane

Located medially between eyelid and eyeball

T-shaped plate of cartilage covered by conjunctiva

Front 23

What is the Lacrimal apparatus?

Back 23

Structures that produce and secrete tears and drain them from the surface of the eye

Front 24

Name the 4 structures of the lacrimal apparatus

Back 24

1. Lacrimal glands

2. Lacrimal puncta

3. Lacrimal sac

4. Nasolacrimal duct

Front 25

Describe each lacrimal apparatus structure:

1. Lacrimal glands

2. Lacrimal puncta

3. Lacrimal sac

4. Nasolacrimal duct

Back 25

1. Primary source of tears

2. Openings on each eyelid that drain tears away from eye surface

3. Receives tear drainage from puncta

4. Drains tears into nasal cavity

Front 26

Define extraocular eye muscles

Back 26

Small skeletal muscles that move and position the eyeballs

Attach to sclera

Front 27

Optic nerve

Back 27

Carries visual info to brain

Front 28

Pupil

Back 28

Opening in center of Iris