Ch.12 Vocab Chemistry

Front 1

Liquid

Back 1

one of three states of matter, it is characterized by, limited expansion, lack of shape, maintenance of volume, slight compressibility, high density, and mixing in other liquids.

Front 2

Condensation

Back 2

conversion of vapor (gas) molecules to a liquid.

Front 3

Evaporation

Back 3

Escape of molecules from the surface of a liquid to form a vapor in the surrounding space above the liquid.

Front 4

Dynamic equilibrium

Back 4

a situation in which the rate of a forward process is equal to the rate of the reverse process occurring simultaneously as when the rate of evaporation is equal to the rate of condensation for a liquid in a closed container.

Front 5

Vapor pressure

Back 5

in a closed container, the pressure exerted by a vapor in dynamic equilibrium with its liquid state.

Front 6

Boiling point

Back 6

temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the external pressure above the surface of the liquid.

Front 7

Endothermic change of state

Back 7

any change in the state of matter in which heat energy is absorbed.

Front 8

Exothermic change of state

Back 8

any change in the state of matter in which heat is released.

Front 9

Heat of vaporization

Back 9

quantity of heat required to evaporate 1 g of a given liquid at its boiling point and at constant pressure.

Front 10

Heat of condensation

Back 10

quantity of heat released in order to condense 1 g of a gas to a liquid at its boiling point and at constant pressure.

Front 11

Distillation

Back 11

purifying of a liquid by heating it to the boiling point and cooling the vapors in a condenser.

Front 12

Surface tension

Back 12

property of a liquid that tends to draw the surface molecules into the body of the liquid and hence to reduce the surface to a minimum.

Front 13

Viscosity

Back 13

property of a liquid that describes the resistance of a liquid to flow.

Front 14

Solid

Back 14

one of three states of matter; it is characterized by lack of expansion, definite shape, constant volume, lack of compressibility, high density, and severely limited mixing.

Front 15

Crystalline solid

Back 15

any solid that consists of particles arranged in a definite geometric shape or form that is distinctive for that solid.

Front 16

Amorphous solid

Back 16

any solid that consists of particles arranged in an irregular manner and thus lacks the regular structure of a crystalline solid.

Front 17

Freezing point

Back 17

temperature at which the particles of a liquid begin to form crystals or irregular particles of a solid.

Front 18

Melting point

Back 18

temperature at which the kinetic energy of some of the particles in a solid matches the attractive forces in the solid and the solid begins to liquefy.

Front 19

Heat of fusion

Back 19

quantity of heat required to convert 1 g of a solid to liquid at the melting point of the substance.

Front 20

Heat of solidification (crystallization)

Back 20

quantity of heat released by 1 g of a liquid as it becomes a solid at the melting point of the substance.

Front 21

Sublimation

Back 21

direct conversion of a solid to a vapor without passing through the liquid state; it is an endothermic change of state.

Front 22

Deposition

Back 22

direct conversion of a vapor to a solid without passing through the liquid state; it is an exothermic change of state.