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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When does CML usually occur?
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Between ages 40-60
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What are the risk factors for CML?
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Exposure to benzene or ionizing radiation
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What is the pathogenesis of CML?
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1.Neoplastic clonal expansion of pluripotenial stem cells
2. t9:22 translocation of ABL proto-oncogene |
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What does it mean to have neoplastic clonal expansion of pluripotential stem cells?
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This stem cell has the capacity to differentiate into a lymphoid or trilineage myeloid stem cell
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What is the proto-oncogene ABL?
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Proto-oncogene fuses with the break cluster region, BCR, on chromosome 22 (BCR-ABL fusion gene)
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What is the nickname for BCR-ABL?
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Philadelphia Chromosome
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What are the expected clinical findings in CML?
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1. Hepatosplenomegaly and generalized lymphadenopahty
2. Blast Crisis |
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Can you describe the Blast Crisis in CML?
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1. Occurs ~ 5 years
2. Increase in the # of myeloblast or lymphoblast 3. Myeloblast do not contain AUER RODS****** |
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What are the expected Lab Findings for CML?
WBC Anemia Platelet Count Bone Marrow Chromosome |
1.WBC = 50,000-200,000 cells/uL
2. Normocytic or Macrocytic 3. Thromobocytosis ~40-50% or Thromobocytopenia 4. Bone Marrow: Myelobast < 10% Hypercelluar 5. Phila Xsome =95% 6. BCR-ABL =100% 7. Decrease in leukocyte alkaline phosphatase LAP |
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What is the most sensitive and specific test for CML?
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Fusion gene of BCR-ABL
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Why can't the Philadelphia X'some diagnose CML?
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1. It is not specific for CML and is present in other leukemias
2. It is not list during therapy unless alpha interferon is used. |
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When do expect to find leukocyte alkaline phosphatase?
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It is found in benign granulocytes not neoplastic
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