Ch.12 & 13 Micro

Front 1

In the table, which of these spores are characteristic of Penicillium?

Back 1

2 and 6

Front 2

Which of the following is a nucleated, unicellular organism that, if you changed the incubation temperature, would form filaments with conidiospores?

Back 2

ascomycete

Front 3

Which of the following statements regarding fungi is FALSE?

Back 3

Most fungi are pathogenic for humans.

Front 4

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Back 4

Fungal spores are highly resistant to heat and chemical agents.

Front 5

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Back 5

coenocytic hyphae hyphae with cross-walls

Front 6

In mid-December, a woman with insulin-dependent diabetes who had been on prednisone fell and received an abrasion on the dorsal side of her right hand. She was placed on penicillin. By the end of January, the ulcer had not healed, and she was referred to a plastic surgeon. On January 30, a swab of the wound was cultured at 35°C on blood agar. On the same day, a smear was made for Gram staining. The Gram stain showed large (10 µm) cells. Brownish, waxy colonies grew on the blood agar. Slide cultures set up on February 1 and incubated at 25°C showed septate hyphae and single conidia. The most likely cause of the infection is a

Back 6

dimorphic fungus.

Front 7

Ringworm is caused by a(n)

Back 7

fungus.

Front 8

Seventeen patients in ten hospitals had cutaneous infections caused by Rhizopus. In all seventeen patients, Elastoplast bandages were placed over sterile gauze pads to cover wounds. Fourteen of the patients had surgical wounds, two had venous line insertion sites, and one had a bite wound. Lesions present when the bandages were removed ranged from vesiculopustular eruptions to ulcerations and skin necrosis requiring debridement. Fungi are more likely than bacteria to contaminate bandages because they

Back 8

can tolerate low-moisture conditions.

Front 9

Yeast infections are caused by

Back 9

Candida albicans.

Front 10

Plasmogamy, karyogamy, and meiosis are stages of the fungal sexual life cycle.

Back 10

True

Front 11

All of the following are characteristic of lichens EXCEPT

Back 11

they are a symbiotic relationship of a fungus and a protozoan.

Front 12

Which of the following statements regarding lichens is FALSE?

Back 12

Lichens are very tolerant to pollution.

Front 13

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Back 13

green algae – prokaryotic

Front 14

All of the following are characteristic of algae EXCEPT

Back 14

they are classified as plants.

Front 15

Which of the following statements about algae is FALSE?

Back 15

All are unicellular.

Front 16

Some species of dinoflagellates produce neurotoxins that cause fish kills and red tides.

Back 16

True

Front 17

Which of the following is the most effective control for malaria?

Back 17

eliminate Anopheles

Front 18

The sporozoite, merozoite, gametocyte, and ring stages are all part of the Plasmodium life cycle.

Back 18

True

Front 19

Which of the following statements regarding protozoa is FALSE?

Back 19

Nearly all protozoa cause disease.

Front 20

Giardia and Trichomonas are unusual eukaryotes because they

Back 20

lack mitochondria.

Front 21

You observe a mass of amboeba-like cells that swarm together, form a stalk, and produce spores. This is a(n)

Back 21

cellular slime mold.

Front 22

Both the cellular slime molds and the plasmodial slime molds are members of the phylum Amoebozoa.

Back 22

True

Front 23

The cells of plasmodial slime molds can grow to several centimeters in diameter because

Back 23

they distribute nutrients by cytoplasmic streaming.

Front 24

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Back 24

cestodes all are free-living

Front 25

In helminth life cycles, the organism that harbors the sexually reproductive phase of the parasite is called the intermediate host.

Back 25

False

Front 26

Which of the following statements about helminths is FALSE?

Back 26

All are parasites.

Front 27

A definitive host harbors which stage of a parasite?

Back 27

adult

Front 28

Most cases of hookworm infection are acquired by ingestion of eggs in contaminated food or water.

Back 28

False

Front 29

The Platyhelminthes group includes roundworms, tapeworms, and flukes.

Back 29

False

Front 30

What do tapeworms eat?

Back 30

intestinal contents

Front 31

Three weeks after a river rafting trip, three family members experienced symptoms of coughing, fever, and chest pain. During the rafting trip, the family had consumed crayfish that they caught along the river banks. An examination of the patients sputum revealed helminth eggs, and serum samples were positive for antibodies to Paragonimus. All of the family members recovered following treatment with praziquantel. In the Paragonimus life cycle,

Back 31

humans are the definitive host and crayfish are the intermediate host.

Front 32

Helminthic diseases are usually transmitted to humans by

Back 32

gastrointestinal route.

Front 33

The life cycle of the fish tapeworm is similar to that of the beef tapeworm. Which of the following is the most effective preventive measure?

Back 33

cooking fish before eating

Front 34

The insect vectors have six legs and include ticks, mosquitoes, and lice.

Back 34

False

Front 35

In the malaria parasite life cycle

Back 35

humans are the intermediate host and mosquitoes are both the definitive host and the vector.

Front 36

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Back 36

mosquito – Pneumocystis

Front 37

Which of the following arthropods does NOT transmit diseases by sucking blood from a human host?

Back 37

houseflies

Front 38

Arthropod vectors are blood-sucking animals such as ticks, lice, and fleas that transmit microbial pathogens.

Back 38

True

Front 39

How do all viruses differ from bacteria?

Back 39

Viruses are not composed of cells.

Front 40

Viruses are the only known infectious agents that are obligatory intracellular parasites.

Back 40

False

Front 41

Which of the following statements about viruses is FALSE?

Back 41

Viruses use their own catabolic enzymes.

Front 42

Which of the following statements provides the most significant support for the idea that viruses are nonliving chemicals?

Back 42

They cannot reproduce themselves outside a host.

Front 43

Dogs do not get measles because their cells lack the correct receptor sites for that virus.

Back 43

True

Front 44

Helical and icosahedral are terms used to describe the shapes of a virus envelope.

Back 44

False

Front 45

Glycoprotein spikes are found on the capsids of all viruses.

Back 45

False

Front 46

The structures illustrated in the figure are composed of

Back 46

Capsomeres

Front 47

Which of the following is NOT used as a criterion to classify viruses?

Back 47

biochemical tests

Front 48

In the figure, which structure is a complex virus?

Back 48

b

Front 49

Which of the following statements about viral spikes is FALSE?

Back 49

They are found only on nonenveloped viruses.

Front 50

DNA made from an RNA template will be incorporated into the virus capsid of

Back 50

Hepadnaviridae

Front 51

A viral species is a group of viruses that

Back 51

has the same genetic information and ecological niche.

Front 52

Binomial nomenclature is used to name viruses.

Back 52

False

Front 53

Which of the following is NOT utilized to culture viruses?

Back 53

culture media

Front 54

A clear area against a confluent "lawn" of bacteria is called a

Back 54

plaque

Front 55

Bacteriophage replication differs from animal virus replication because only bacteriophage replication involves

Back 55

injection of naked nucleic acid into the host cell.

Front 56

Which of the following places these items in the correct order for DNA-virus replication?

1. Maturation

2. DNA synthesis

3. Transcription

4. Translation

Back 56

2; 3; 4; 1

Front 57

How are viruses different from cells?

Back 57

They require a host in order to reproduce.

Front 58

What is the function of the structural elements of a virus?

Back 58

To package and protect the viral genome

Front 59

The most conclusive evidence that viruses cause cancers is provided by

Back 59

cancer following injection of cell-free filtrates.

Front 60

From which phrase is the term “prions” derived?

Back 60

Proteinaceous infectious particles

Front 61

In what year did Stanley Prusiner discover prions?

Back 61

1982

Front 62

Which disease did Stanley Prusiner first identify as being caused by prions?

Back 62

Scrapie

Front 63

How are prions different from other infectious agents?

Back 63

They lack nucleic acid.

Front 64

A viroid is a(n)

Back 64

infectious piece of RNA without a capsid.

Front 65

Generally, in an infection caused by a DNA-containing virus, the host animal cell supplies all of the following EXCEPT

Back 65

DNA polymerase.