Ch. 9 Test (A&p)

Front 1

thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)

Back 1

stimulate metabolism; thyroid gland; amine

Front 2

thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Back 2

stimulates thyroid gland; pituitary gland; protein

Front 3

thymosin

Back 3

programs T cells; thymus gland; peptide

Front 4

norepinephrine

Back 4

raise blood glucose level; increase rate of metabolism; adrenal glands; amines

Front 5

epinephrine

Back 5

raise blood glucose level; increase rate of metabolism; adrenal glands; amines

Front 6

cortisone

Back 6

regulates glycemic metabolism, immune system, and inflammation; adrenal glands; steroid

Front 7

cortisol

Back 7

maintains homeostasis by influencing, regulating, and modulating many of the changes that occur in the body in response to stress; adrenal glands; steroid

Front 8

corticosteroids/glucocorticoids

Back 8

promote normal cell metabolism and help the body to resist long-term stressors, primarily by increasing blood glucose levels; adrenal glands; steroid

Front 9

adrenocorticotropic hormone

Back 9

stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids; pituitary gland; protein

Front 10

anti-diuretic hormone

Back 10

promotes retention of water by kidneys; pituitary gland; peptide

Front 11

calcitonin

Back 11

reduces blood calcium level; thyroid gland; peptide

Front 12

parathyroid hormone

Back 12

raises blood calcium level; parathyroid gland; peptide

Front 13

glucagon

Back 13

raises blood glucose; pancreas; protein

Front 14

insulin

Back 14

reduces blood glucose; pancreas; protein

Front 15

aldosterone

Back 15

regulates the balance of water and electrolyte in the body; adrenal glands; steroid

Front 16

testosterone

Back 16

causes male secondary sex characteristics; stimulates male sex drives; promotes growth and maturation of reproductive system organs; gonads; steroid

Front 17

prolactin

Back 17

stimulates milk production; pituitary gland; protein

Front 18

gonadotropic hormone

Back 18

regulates the hormonal activity of the gonads; pituitary gland; protein

Front 19

luteinizing hormone (LSH)

Back 19

stimulates ovaries and testes; pituitary gland; protein

Front 20

oxytocin

Back 20

stimulates contraction of uterus and the milk "let-down" reflex; pituitary gland; peptide

Front 21

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Back 21

stimulates production of ova and sperm; pituitary gland; protein

Front 22

progesterone

Back 22

promotes growth of uterine lining; gonads; steroids

Front 23

estrogen

Back 23

stimulate uterine lining growth; development and maintenance of female secondary sex characteristics; gonads; steroids

Front 24

testes

Back 24

suspended in scrotum, outside the pelvic cavity; produce male sex cells; produces testosterone

Front 25

ovaries

Back 25

pelvic cavity; produce female sex cells; produces estrogen

Front 26

thymus gland

Back 26

upper thorax, posterior to the sternum; produces thymosin

Front 27

pineal gland

Back 27

small, cone-shaped gland in the roof of the third ventricle of the brain; produces melatonin

Front 28

pancreas

Back 28

close to the stomach in the abdominal cavity; produces enzymes to break down food and regulate sugar levels; produces insulin

Front 29

diabetes mellitus type 1

Back 29

body doesn't produce insulin; treated with insulin pump or injections

Front 30

diabetes mellitus type 2

Back 30

produce insulin but insulin receptors are unable to respond to it; treated with oral hypoglycemic medications that prod sluggish islets into action and increase the sensitivity of the target tissues

Front 31

adrenal glands

Back 31

two bean-shaped gland curve over the top of the kidneys; produce hormones that help the body control blood sugar, burn protein and fat, react to stressors like a major illness or injury, regulate blood pressure

Front 32

mineralocorticcoids

Back 32

regulate mineral or salt content of the blood

Front 33

parathyroid gland

Back 33

tiny masses of glandular tissue found on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland; controls body's calcium levels; produces parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Front 34

thyroid gland

Back 34

base of the throat, inferior to the Adam's apple; make, store, and release thyroid hormones into the blood; produces thyroid hormone - controls rate at which glucose is burned or oxidized and converted to body heat and chemical energy; produces calcitonin - decreases blood calcium level by causing calcium to be deposited in the bones

Front 35

pituitary gland

Back 35

hangs from inferior surface of hypothalamus of brain; anterior and posterior lobe

Front 36

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Back 36

regulates the endocrine activity of the cortex portion of the adrenal gland

Front 37

gonadotropic hormones

Back 37

regulate the hormonal activity of the gonads