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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Genetics |
The science of heredity and of the mechanisms by which traits are passed from parent to offspring |
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Heredity |
The passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring |
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Self Pollination |
The transfer of pollen grains from an anther to the stigma of the same flower or to the stigma of another flower on the same plant |
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Cross Pollination |
A productive process in which pollen from one plant is transferred to the stigma of another plant |
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Dominant |
Describes the allele that is fully expressed when carried by only one of a pair homologous chromosomes Capital Letters |
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Recesive |
Describes a trait or an allele that is expressed only when two recessive alleles for the same characteristic are inherited Lowercase Letters |
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Law of Independent Assortment |
The law that states that genes seperate independently of one in meiosis |
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Trait |
A genetically determined variant of a characteristic |
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Allele |
One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color Represented with a letter |
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Genotype |
The entire genetic makeup Of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits Letter Combination |
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Phenotype |
An organisms appearance or other detectable characteristics that result from the organisms genotype and the environment |
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Homozygous |
Describes an individual that has identical alleles for a trait on both homologous chromosomes GG |
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Heterozygous |
Describes an individual that has two different alleles for a trait Gg |
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Monohybrid Cross |
A cross between individuals that involve one pair of contrasting traits |
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Punnett Square |
A graphic used to predict the results of a genetic cross |
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Test Cross |
The crossing of an individual of unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual to determine the unknown genotype |
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Complete Dominance |
A relationship in which one allele is completely dominant over another |
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Incomplete Dominance |
A condition in which a trait in an individual is intermediate between the phenotype of the individuals two parents because the dominant allele is unable to express itself fully |
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Codominance |
A condition in which both alleles for a gene are fully expressed |
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Dihybrid Cross |
A cross in which two characteristics are tracked |