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97 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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carcinoma of the cervix
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malignant cells within the cervix (cervical cancer)
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cervicitis
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cervix inflammation
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endometrial cancer (carcinoma of the endometrium)
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malignant tumor of the uterus (adenocarcinoma)
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endometriosis
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endometrial tissue moving outside of uterus causing inflammation & scar tissues, etc
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fibroids (leiomyomata/leiomyomas)
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uterus benign tumors
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ovarian carcinoma
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ovary malignant tumor (adenocarcinoma)
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ovarian cysts
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fluid filled sac in the ovary
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cystadenoma
cystadenocarcinomas |
cysts lined with tumor cells
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dermoid cysts
benign cystic teratoma or mature teratoma |
cysts line with variaty of cell types including skin, hair, teeth, & cartilage & come from immature egg cells in ovary
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dysplasia
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abnormal growth
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conization
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biopsy of the cervix in which a cone-shaped sample of tissue is removed from the mucous membrane.
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carcinoma in situ (CIS)
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localized cancer growth
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cervical erosion
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ulcers
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leukorrhea
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clear, white or yellow pus-filled vaginal discharge
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pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
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pelvic region organ inflammation & infection
organs (salpingitis, oophoritis, endometritis, endocervicitis) |
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palpation
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examining by touch
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carcinoma of the breast
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malignant breast tumor arising from milk glands & ducts
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invasive ductal carcinoma
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most common type of breast cancer
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lumpectomy
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small primary breast tumors: lump immediately surrounding tissue removed
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sentinel node biopsy (SNB)
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determines whether tumor has spread to lymphnodes
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mastectomy
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breast removal
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estrogen receptors
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important in indicating whether breast tumor will respond to hormonal therapy
ER (+) drugs: 1) ER blocker - tamoxifen 2) aromatiase inhibitors (AI) - good for post menopausal women |
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herceptin
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antibody drug that binds to block her-2/neu & good in stopping breast cancer tumor growth in her-2/neu + cancer
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fibrocystic disease
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many small sacs of fibrous connective tissue & fluid in breast
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abruptio placentae
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implanted placenta prematurely separates
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choriocarcinoma
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placenta malignant tumor
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ectopic pregnancy
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fertilized egg implants in site other than uterus
most common @ fallopian tubes (tubal preg) |
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placenta previa
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placental implants over cervical os (opening) or in lower region of uterus wall
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preeclampsia
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abnormal prego assoc. condition with high BP, proteinuria, & edema
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apgar score
5 things measured? |
scoring system of infant's physical condition 1-5 min after birth
heart rate, respiration, color, muscle tone & response to stimuli measured* |
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Down syndrome
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chromosomal abnormality (trisomy 21) results in mental retardation, retarded growth, flat face with short nose, low-set ears, & slanted eyes
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erythroblastosis fetalis
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hemolytic disease in the newborn caused by a blood group (Rh factor) incompatibility b/t mom & fetus
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hyaline membrane disease
respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn |
acute lung disease commonly seen in premature newborns
-deficiency in lung surfactant |
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hydrocephalus
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fluid accumulation in brain spaces
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fontanelle
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soft spot of fetus normal b/t cranial bones
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meconium aspiration syndrome
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abnormal inhalation of meconium (1st stools) produced by a fetus or newborn
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pyloric stenosis
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narrowing of the opening of the stomach to duodenum
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pap smear (test)
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mircoscopic examination of stained cells removed from the vagina & cervix
-vagina help open via speculum & small spatula removes exfoliated cells from cervix & vagina; -cells examined for cervical/vaginal cellular abnormalities |
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speculum
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instrument to hold vaginal walls apart
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pregnancy test
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bllod/urine test to detect hCG
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hysterosalpingography
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x-ray imaging of the uterus & fallopian tubes after injection of contrast
-evaluates tubal patency (adquate opening) & uterine cavity abnormalities |
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mammography
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breast x-ray image
-50 y/o - should get baseline exam then get checked every 1-2 years to screen for breast cancer |
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breast ultra sound imaging & MRI
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sound waves & magnetic waves create breast tissue images
-help confirm presence of mass & distinguish b/t benign cyst & malignancy MRI - good for young women b/c dense boobs ultrasound - good for seeing specific area of cancer |
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pelvic ultrasonography
(on belly/pelvic region) |
recording images of sound waves as they bounce off organs in pelvic region
helps evaluate fetal size, maturity, & organ development, fetal & placental position can also diagnose uterine tumors, abscesses & other pelvic masses |
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transvaginal ultrasound
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allows for closer/sharper look at pelvic organs; probe placed in vagina insead of across pelvic/abdomen
best for cyst evaluation* |
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aspiration
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w/d of fluid from cavity or sac with instrument using suction
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cauterization
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tissue destroying via burning
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loop electrocautery excision procedure (LEEP)
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cauterization method used to biopsy abnormal cervial tissue
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colposcopy
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visual examination of vagina & cervix using colposcope (lighted magnifying instrubment looking like small, mounted pair of binoculars)
good for pelvic exam with cervical dysplasia |
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conization
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removal of cone-shaped section (cone biopsy) of cervix
MD resects tissue with LEEP or CO2 laser or scalpel |
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cryosurgery
cryocauterization |
cold temp to destroy tissue
liquid N2* |
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culdocentesis
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needle aspiration of fluid from cul-de-sac
blood may indicate ruptured ectopic prego |
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dilation (dilatation) & curettage
(D&C) |
widening of cervix & scraping the endometrium of uterus
dilation - insert probes of increasing size curet - metal loop at end of long, thin handle - used to sample uterine lining helps dx uterine disease & temporarily stop prolonged/heavy uterine bleeding can also removed tissue during spontaneous or therapeutic abortion* |
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exenteration
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internal organs removal
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pelvic exenteration
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removal of organs & adj structures of the pelvis
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laparoscopy
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visual examination of abdominal cavity using endoscope (laparoscope)
-type of MIS (minimally invasive surgery) for inspecting ovaries, fallopian tubes & dx/tx of endometriosis & fibroid removal, hysterectomies (subtotal & total) |
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tubal ligation
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blocking of fallopian tubes to prevent fertilization from happening
-type of sterilization procedure tubes tied* |
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abortion
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spontaneous or induced termination of pregnancy before embryo or fetus can exist on its own
done via D&C, vacuum aspiration, stimulate uterine contraction via saline injection into amniotic cavity (2nd-3rd trimester) |
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amniocentesis
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needle puncture of amniotic sac to w/d amniotic fluid for analysis
check for chromosomes, conc. of proteins & blirubin & maturation of fetus |
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cesarean section
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surgical incision of abdominal wall & uterus to deliver fetus
for: cephalopelvic disproportion (big head baby), abruptio placentae, placenta previa, fetal distress/hypoxia, breech or should presentation |
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chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
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sampling of placental tissues (chorionic villi) for prenatal diagnosis
catheter inserted into uterus to remove sample of fetal tissue |
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fetal monitoring
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continous recording of fetal heart rate & maternal uterine contractions to reduce fetal distress during labor
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in vitro fertilization (IVF)
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egg & sperm cells c/b outside body in lab dish (in vitro) to facilitate fertilization
after incubation period (48-72 hours) - injected back into uterus through cervix |
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pelvimetry
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dimensions of maternal pelvis measurments
helps determine if mom pelvis will allow passage of fetus through birth canal |
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AB
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abortion
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AFP
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alpha-fetoprotein - high levels in amniotic fluid = increase risk of neuro birth defects in infant
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ASCUS
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atypical squamous cells of unknown significance;
- abnormal pap but doesnt meet lesion criteria |
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BSE
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breast self examination
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CA 125
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protein marker elevated in ovarian cancer
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C-section
CS |
cesarean section
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CIN
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cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
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CIS
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carcinoma in situ
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CVS
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chorionic villus sampling
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pelvimetry
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dimensions of maternal pelvis measurments
helps determine if mom pelvis will allow passage of fetus through birth canal |
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AB
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abortion
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AFP
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alpha-fetoprotein - high levels in amniotic fluid = increase risk of neuro birth defects in infant
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ASCUS
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atypical squamous cells of unknown significance;
- abnormal pap but doesnt meet lesion criteria |
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BSE
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breast self examination
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CA 125
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protein marker elevated in ovarian cancer
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C-section
CS |
cesarean section
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CIN
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cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
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CIS
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carcinoma in situ
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CVS
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chorionic villus sampling
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Cx
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cervix
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D&C
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dilation (dilatation) & curettage
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DCIS
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ductal carcinoma in situ
precancerous breast lesion may be higher risk for invasive ductal breast cancer |
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DES
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diethylstilbestrol
estrogen cmpd used to tx menopause sx involving less estrogen if given to prego - increase risk of girls to get tumors |
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DUB
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dysfunctional uterine bleeding
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ECC
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endocervical curettage
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EDE
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est. date of confinement
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EMB
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endometrial biopsy
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FHR
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fetal HR
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FSH
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follicle stimulating hormone
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G
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gravida/prego
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GnRH
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gonadotropin RH - from hypothalamus to signal FSH & LH release from pituitary
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GYN
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gynecology
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hCG or HCG
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human chorionic gonadotropin
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