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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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antacids
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Neutralize HCl in the stomach. nonsystemic: Amphojel (Al OH), Tums (Ca carbonate), Riopan (magaldrate), and Milk of Magnesia (Mg OH). systemic: sodium bicarbonate. |
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antacid mixtures
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Products that combine Al (can cause constipation) and/or Ca compounds with Mg salts (can cause diarrhea). By combining the antacid properties of two single-entity agents, these products provide the antacid action of both yet tend to counter the adverse effects of each other. Ex: Gaviscon, Gelusil, Maalox Plus, and Mylanta |
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histamine H2 -receptor antagonists
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Inhibit both daytime and nocturnal basal gastric acid secretion and inhibit gastric acid stimulated by food, histamines, caffeine, insulin, and pentagastrin; used in the treatment of active duodenal ulcer. Ex: Tagamet (cimetidine), Pepcid (famotidine), Axid (nizatidine), and Zantac (ranitidine) |
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mucosal protective medications
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Medicines that protect the stomach's mucosal lining from acids but don't inhibit the release of acid. Ex: Carafate (sucralfate) and Cytotec (misoprostol) |
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gastric acid pump inhibitors (proton-pump inhibitor; PPI)
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Antiulcer agents that suppress gastric acid secretion by specific inhibition of H+/K+ ATPase enzyme at the secretory surface of the gastric parietal cell. Because this enzyme system is regarded as the acid (proton) pump within the gastric mucosa, gastric acid pump inhibitors are so classified because they block the final step of acid production. Ex: Prilosec (omeprazole), Aciphex (rabeprazole sodium), Prevacid (lansoprazole), and Protonix (pantroprazole). |
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other ulcer medications
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Treatment regimen for active duodenal ulcers associated with H. pylori can involve a two or three drug program. Two-drug program: Biaxin (clarithromycin) and Prilosec (omeprazole) Three-drug program: Flagyl (metronidazole) and either tetracycline or amoxicillin and Pepto-Bismol |
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laxitives
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Used to relieve constipation and to facilitate the passage of feces through the lower gastrointestinal tract. Ex: Dulcolax (bisacodyl), Milk of Magnesia ( Mg OH), Metamucil (psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid), and Ex-Lax (phenolphthalein) |
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antidiarrheal agents
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Used to treat diarrhea. Ex: Pepto-Bismol (bismuth subsalicylate), Kaopectate (kaolin mixture with pectin), and Imodium (loperamide HCl) |
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antiemetics
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Prevent or arrest vomiting; also used in the treatment of vertigo, motion sickness, and nausea. Ex: Dramamine (dimenhydrinate), Phenergan (promethazine HCl), Tigan (trimethobenzamide HCl), and Transderm Scop (scopolamine) |
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emetics
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Used to induce vomiting in people who have taken an overdose of oral drugs or who have ingested certain poisons. An emetic agent shouldn't be given to a person who is unconscious, in shock, or in a semi-comatose state. Emetics are also contraindicated in individuals who have ingested strongly caustic substances, such as lye or acid, because their used could result in additional injury to the person's esophagus. Ex: Ipecac syrup |
