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54 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

What makes up the Appendicular Skeleton?

Pectoral Girdle, Pelvic Girdle, Upper Extremities, and Lower Extremities

What is the function of the pectoral girdle?

It attaches the bones of the upper limbs to the axial skeleton.

What are the parts of the pectoral girdle?

The Scapula and the Clavicle

Subscapular Fossa

the extremely shallow concavity on the anterior or ventral surface of the scapula

the extremely shallow concavity on the anterior or ventral surface of the scapula

Coracoid Process

a small hook-like structure on the lateral edge of the superior anterior portion of the scapula

a small hook-like structure on the lateral edge of the superior anterior portion of the scapula

Scapular Spine

the prominent, dorsal ridge of bone that courses obliquely upward from the upper medial border to the acromion laterally

the prominent, dorsal ridge of bone that courses obliquely upward from the upper medial border to the acromion laterally

Glenoid Cavity

the concavity in the head of the scapula that receives the head of the humerus to form the shoulder joint

the concavity in the head of the scapula that receives the head of the humerus to form the shoulder joint

Supraspinous Fossa

the ditch-like concavity above the spine of the scapula

the ditch-like concavity above the spine of the scapula

Infraspinous Fossa

concavity beneath the spine of the scapula

concavity beneath the spine of the scapula

What 30 bones make up the Upper Limb (Arm)?

Humerus, Ulna, Radius, Carpals, Metacarpals, and Phalanges

What is the longest and largest bone of the upper limb?

Humerus

What are the names of features labeled on this photo of the Humerus?

What are the names of features labeled on this photo of the Humerus?

A. The Head


B. Surgical Neck


C. Greater Tubercle


D. Lesser Tubercle


E. Intertubercular Sulcus


F. Deltoid Tuberosity


G. Anatomical Neck


What are the names of the features labeled on the distal end of the Humerus?

What are the names of the features labeled on the distal end of the Humerus?

A. Medial Epicondyle


B. Trochlea


C. Capitulum


D. Lateral Epicondyle


E. Olecranon Fossa

What two bones make up the forearm?

Ulna and Radius

Which is located medially (little finger side)? Which is located laterally (thumb side)?

The Ulna is located on the medial aspect of the forearm. The Radius is located on the lateral aspect of the forearm.

The Ulna is located on the medial aspect of the forearm. The Radius is located on the lateral aspect of the forearm.

What are the names of  the four features of the proximal end of the Ulna?

What are the names of the four features of the proximal end of the Ulna?

A. Olecranon process


B. Radial notch


C. Coronoid process


D. Trochlear notch

What are the names of the features of the Radius in this photo?

What are the names of the features of the Radius in this photo?

Yellow: Head


Blue: Neck


Red: Radial tuberosity

What connects the radius and ulna and provides a site for muscle attachment?

Interosseous membrane (shown in blue)

Interosseous membrane (shown in blue)

What are is the general name for the 8 bones that make up the wrist?

Carpals

What are the names of the eight carpal bones?

Red: Scaphoid
L-Blue: Lunate
L-Green: Triquetrum
Yellow: Pisiform
Pink: Trapezium
Grey: Trapezoid
D-Blue: Capitate
Purple: Hamate

Red: Scaphoid


L-Blue: Lunate


L-Green: Triquetrum


Yellow: Pisiform


Pink: Trapezium


Grey: Trapezoid


D-Blue: Capitate


Purple: Hamate

How many Metacarpals are in each hand?

5 total

What are the bones called that make up the fingers and how many are there total on each hand?

Phalanges and there are 14 total (three to each finger except thumbs have 2)

What bones make up the Pelvic Girdle?

Two Hipbones (Coxal Bones)

Each Os Coxa (hipbone) is made up of three separate bones that fuse togeater. What are the names of those three bones?

Each Os Coxa (hipbone) is made up of three separate bones that fuse togeater. What are the names of those three bones?

Ilium is the largest bone of the three, shown in yellow. Ischium is the middle sized bone shown in pink and the smallest bone is pubis shown in blue.

What is the depression called that forms the socket for the hip joint (where all the bones fuse)?

Acetabulum

What is this part (in green) of the Os Coxa called?

What is this part (in green) of the Os Coxa called?

The Iliac Crest

What is the name of the green section of the Os Coxa?

What is the name of the green section of the Os Coxa?

The Iliac Fossa

What is this feature of the Os Coxa called?

What is this feature of the Os Coxa called?

Greater Sciatic Notch

What bone are the ischial spine and tuberosity, and the lesser sciatic notch located on?

The Ischium of the Os Coxa

The Ischium of the Os Coxa

What is the space highlighted in blue called?

What is the space highlighted in blue called?

The Pubic Symphysis

What makes up the Pelvis?

Sacrum, Coccyx and 2 hip bones (Os Coxa)

What differentiates the male skeleton from the female skeleton?

Male: Larger and Heavier, Larger articular surfaces, larger muscle attachments (So mainly LARGER)



Female: Wider and Shallower, larger pelvic inlet & outlet, more space in true pelvis, pubic arch > 90 degrees

Does the Pectoral Girdle articulate directly with the vertebral column or does the Pelvic Girdle, or both?

The Pelvic Girdle does articulate with the vertebral column, the pectoral girdle does not.

Which girdle sockets are shallow and maximize movement?

Pectoral Girdle

Which girdle has deeper sockets that allow less movement?

Pelvic Girdle

Which girdle, pectoral or pelvic, offers more movement and which offers more strength?

Pectoral Girdle offers more movement and the Pelvic Girdle offers more strength.

How many bones make up the lower limb (leg)?

30 bones

Which bones make up the lower limb?

Femur, Patella, Tibia, Fibula, Tarsals, Metatarsals, and Phalanges

What is the largest, heaviest, and strongest bone of the BODY?

Femur

What does the head of the Femur articulate with on the os coxa?

The Acetabulum

What are the names of the condyles on the distal end of the femur?

Medial and Lateral Condyles (bottom arrows)

Medial and Lateral Condyles (bottom arrows)

The lateral and medial condyles of the femur articulate with what bone?

The Tibia

Name the features A-E.

Name the features A-E.

A. Head


B. Neck


C. Lesser Trochanter


D. Greater Trochanter


E. Body

What type of bone (shape) is the Patella (kneecap)?

sesamoid bone

What are the functions of the Patella?

1. increase the leverage of the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle


2. to maintain the position of the tendon when the knee is bent


3. to protect the knee joint

Which bone is the larger, medial, weight bearing bone of the leg? Tibia or Fibula?

The Tibia is the bigger, and the weight bearing bone.

The Tibia is the bigger, and the weight bearing bone.

Which bone is not part of the knee joint, is for muscle attachment only, and has a lateral malleolus at ankle?

The Fibula (smaller leg bone)

How many tarsals are in the ankle?

Seven bones

How many metatarsals are in the foot?

Five bones

Which bones share the weight associated with walking?

Tarsals

What is the name for the big toe?

Hallux

How many arches are in the foot?

Two non-rigid

What is the flatfoot cause by? Clawfoot? and Clubfoot?

Flatfoot is cause by decline of the medial longitudinal arch. Clawfoot by elevation of it and Clubfoot by rotation of the arch.

What is the function of the arches of the foot?

1. to distribute body weight


2. yield and spring back when weight is lifted