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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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gram negative cocci
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1. Neisseria meningitidis
2. Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
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Neisseria on gram stain
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gram NEGATIVE diplococci
(kidney beans) |
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Neisseria meningitidis virulence factors
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1. IgA proteases
2. Capsule --> antigenic variation (> 13 serogropus--why army recruits/college students susceptible-new serogroup exposure) 3. Endotoxin (LPS)- gram neg --> petechiae 4. can extract Fe from human transferrin 5. Pili--attach to nasopharynx (many asymptomatic carriers --> natural immunity) |
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Neisseria meningitidis- diseases caused
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1. Meningococcemia
- abrupt fever, petechial rash - pt looks sick - disseminates rapidly in body --> 2. Meningitis - esp infants (6 months- 2 yrs) 3. Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome = fulminant meningococcemia - septic shock!! - bilateral adrenal hemorrhage --> insufficiency - hypotension, tachycardia, DIC, rapid death |
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Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
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fulminant meningococcemia
- septic shock - bilat adrenal hemorrhage - rapid death |
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Neisseria labs
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- gram neg cocci
- Thaymer-Martin VCN media = choc agar w/ abx that kill other bacteria - vanc (kills gram +), colistin (polymixin- kills all gram neg except neisseria); nystatin (kills fungi) - meningitidis ferments maltose to acid ---- gonorrhoeae does not!! |
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gram neg cocci
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Neisseria meningitidis
Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
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N meniningitidis tx
-pt - close contacts |
pt: penicillin G or ceftriaxone
contacts: rifampin prophylaxis -immunization for high risk groups (certain strains) |
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most common STD
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chlamydia
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae virulence factors
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1. Pili --> antigenic variation prevent immunity!!
2. Outer membrane protein porins - help w/ invasion 3. Opa proteins - help bind cells, then LPS helps destroy |
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sx gonorrhea in men
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- asymptomatic, or
- urethritis w/ painful urination, urethral discharge - complications- ie prostatitis, epididymitis - rectal infection in MSM |
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sx gonorrhea in women
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- MORE likely to be asymptomatic than men!
- +/- urethritis - cervix - purulent exudate - PID |
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what may follow PID?
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Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
= peri-hepatitis- infection of capsule that surrounds liver - RUQ pain |
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most common septic arthritis in young sexually active ppl
- how to dx |
N gonorrhrhoeae
gram stain of synovial fluid --> gram neg diplocci WITHIN WBCs!! |
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ophthalmia neonatorum
- causes - effects - tx |
N gonorrhoea
Chlamydia eye infection --> blindness erythromycin eye drops given to ALL newborns to treat!! |
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gram stain of Neisseria gonorrhoeae
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gram neg diplococci WITHIN WBCs!
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gram neg cocci
|
Neisseria meningitidis
Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
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N meniningitidis tx
-pt - close contacts |
pt: penicillin G or ceftriaxone
contacts: rifampin prophylaxis -immunization for high risk groups (certain strains) |
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most common STD
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chlamydia
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae virulence factors
|
1. Pili --> antigenic variation prevent immunity!!
2. Outer membrane protein porins - help w/ invasion 3. Opa proteins - help bind cells, then LPS helps destroy |
|
|
sx gonorrhea in men
|
- asymptomatic, or
- urethritis w/ painful urination, urethral discharge - complications- ie prostatitis, epididymitis - rectal infection in MSM |
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sx gonorrhea in women
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- MORE likely to be asymptomatic than men!
- +/- urethritis - cervix - purulent exudate - PID |
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what may follow PID?
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Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
= peri-hepatitis- infection of capsule that surrounds liver - RUQ pain |
|
|
most common septic arthritis in young sexually active ppl
- how to dx |
N gonorrhrhoeae
gram stain of synovial fluid --> gram neg diplocci WITHIN WBCs!! |
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ophthalmia neonatorum
- causes - effects - tx |
N gonorrhoea
Chlamydia eye infection --> blindness erythromycin eye drops given to ALL newborns to treat!! |
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gram stain of Neisseria gonorrhoeae
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gram neg diplococci WITHIN WBCs!
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gonoccoci v meningococci
- capsule - maltose - vaccine - transmission |
gonococci
- no capsule - do not ferment maltose - no vaccine (pili - antigenic variation) - STD meningococci - capsule -- serogroups - ferment maltose - vaccine - resp/oral secretions |
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what do gonococci/meningococci ferment?
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Gonococci ferment Glucose
MeninGococci ferment Maltose and Glucose |
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what do gonoccoci/meningococci have in common w/ each other
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both ferment glucose
both make IgA proteases |
