Ch 8

Front 1

All of an organisms' chemcial reactions are called the organisms. .. .

Back 1

metabolism

Front 2

release energy by breaking down complex molecules to simpler compounds this energy is stored in organic molecules until need to do work in the cell

Back 2

catabolic pathways

Front 3

consume energy to build complicated moluecules from simpler molecules (driven by) another pathway

Back 3

anabolic pathways

Front 4

energy of motion

Back 4

KE

Front 5

energy that matter possess because of its location or structure

Back 5

PE

Front 6

A form of PE in molecules because of the arrangement of atoms

Back 6

Chemical energy

Front 7

light energy and heat are forms of what type of energy in the form of electormagnetic radiation?

Back 7

KE

Front 8

States that the energy can be transferred and transformed but cannot be created or destroyed in a closed system

Back 8

1st law of thermodynamics

Front 9

states that every energy transformation that must make the universe or any close system disordered

Back 9

2nd law of thermodynamics

Front 10

a quantity used as a measure of disorder or randomness

Back 10

Entropy

Front 11

the more random a collection of matter the ________ it's entropy

Back 11

greater

Front 12

____ is the portion of a system's energy that can perform work when temp is uniform throughout the system (a measure of stability of a system)

Back 12

free energy

Front 13

TRUE/FASLE : a system at equilibrium is at maximum stability

Back 13

True

Front 14

TRUE.FALSE: movements away from equillibrium aren't non spontaneous and require the addition of energy from an outside energy source from the envir.

Back 14

False

Front 15

proceeds spontaneuously with a net release of free energy (ex. catabolic reactions)

Back 15

exergonic reaction

Front 16

one that absorbs free energy from tis surroundings (anabolic reactions)

Back 16

endergonic reaction

Front 17

true/false: reactions in closed system eventually reach equilibirum and can do no work

Back 17

true

Front 18

true/false: cells do not maintain disequilibrium because they are open with the constant flow of material in and out of the cell. a cell thus does not continue to do work throughout its life

Back 18

false

Front 19

A_____process in a cell releases free energy in a series of reactions not in a single step

Back 19

catabolic

Front 20

____ are organisms that produce their own sugars and food by photosynthesis

Back 20

producers, autotrophs or phototrophs

Front 21

Organisms that use organic rich molecules to produce their own food

Back 21

chemoautotrophs

Front 22

Organisms that depend on the transfer of free energy from photosynthetic organisms in the form of organic molecules

Back 22

consumers or heterotrophs

Front 23

_____ powers cellular work by coupling exergonic to endergonic reactions

Back 23

ATP

Front 24

___ consist of adenine, the sugar ribose and a chain of 3 phosphate groups and is the immediate source of energy that powers cellular work

Back 24

ATP

Front 25

____ is a chemical agent that changes the rates of reaction without being consumed by the reaction . this also speeds up metabolic reactions

Back 25

catalysts

Front 26

____ is a catalytic protien and regulates movement of molecules through metobolic pathways

Back 26

enzymes

Front 27

___ speeds up reactions by lowering activation energy

Back 27

enzyme