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50 Cards in this Set
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ABO blood group |
Category that includes A, B, AB, and O blood types. Each blood type has antigens on its erythrocytes and antibodies. |
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Agranulocyte |
Category of leukocytes with few or no granules in the cytoplasm. Includes lymphocytes and monocytes. |
Granul/o granule |
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Albumin |
Most abundant plasma protein. |
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Band |
Immature neutrophil in the blood. Nucleus shaped like a band. Aka a stab |
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Basophil |
Leukocyte. Categorized as granulocyte that's stains dark blue to purple. Release histamine and herapin at the site of tissue injury. |
Bas/o base of a structure; basic (alkaline) |
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Electrolyte |
Chemical structures that carry pos or neg electrical charge: sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, and bicarbonate. They are carried in plasma |
Electr/o electricity |
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Eosinophil |
Leukocyte. Granulocyte stained bright pink to red with Eosin dye. Nucleus has two loves. Releases chemicals to destroy foreign cells (pollen, dust, animal dander) and kill parasites. Aka as eos |
Eosin/o eosin(red acidic dye) |
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Erythrocyte |
Mature red blood cell. erythroblast is immature form that comes from a stem cell in the red marrow. Matures to a normoblast which becomes reticulocyte, a nearly mature erythrocyte which is released into the blood. No nucleus and contains hemoglobin |
erythr/o- red norm/o- normal; usual reticul/o- small site |
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Erythropoietin |
Hormone produce by kidneys to increase rate of erythrocytes produced and mature |
erythr/o- red |
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granulocyte |
Category of leukocytes that contains large granules in the cytoplasm. Includes neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils |
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hematopoiesis |
process of which red blood cells are produced in the red marrow |
hemat/o- blood |
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hemoglobin |
substance in leukocyte that contains heme molecule and globin chains. Oxyhemoglobin carries oxygen from hte lungs to cells, and carbon dioxide from cells to lungs |
hem/o- blood glob/o- shaped like a globe ox/y- oxygen; quick |
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leukocyte |
White blood cell. Five type of mature leukocytes: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes |
leuk/o- white |
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lymphocyte |
Second most abundant leukocyte, but smallest. Agranulocyte. Lymphoblast is immature form that develops from stem cell in red marrow. In the marrow they becom NK cells or B lymphocytes that produce antibodies. In the Thymus they become T lymphocytes taht produce toxic granules to destroy cells infected with a virus. |
lymph/o- lymph, lymphatic system |
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Monocyte |
Largest leukocyte. Agranulocyte. Monoblast is immature form that develops from stem cell in the red marrow. Phagocytes that engulf microorganisms, cancerous cells, dead leukocytes. In tissues known as macrophages. |
mon/o- one; single macr/o- large |
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myelocyte |
immature cell that comes from myeloblast, develops into neutrophil, eosinophil, or basophil |
myel/o-bone marrow; spinal cord |
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neutrophil |
Most numerous leukocyte. Granulocyte neutral in color. Phagocytes that engulf and destroy bacteria. |
neutr/o- not taking part morph/o- shape nucle/o- nucleus |
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plasma |
Clear straw colored fluid that carries formed elements and dissolved elements. |
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Stem cell |
extremely immature in the red marrow, this is the precursor to all blood cells. |
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Thrombocyte |
A platelet. Megakaryoblast is an immature form that develops from a stem cell in the red marrow. Megakaryocyte is a large mature cell that breaks into individuals pieces call thrombocytes. Thrombocytes do not have nucleus and are active in the blodd clotting process. |
thromb/o- thrombus (blood clot) meg/a- large kary/o- nucleus |
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aggregation |
The process of platelets sticking to a damaged vessel to form clumps |
aggreg/o- crowd together |
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clotting factors |
a series of 12 substances that are realease from platelets or injured tissue or are produced by the liver |
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coagulation |
formations of blood clots by platelets, erythrocytes, and clotting factors |
coagul/o- clotting |
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fibrin |
strands formed by the activation of clotting factors. Fibrin traps erythrocytes to form a blood clot |
fibr/o- fiber |
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fibrinogen |
Blood clotting factor 1 |
fibrin/o- fiber |
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hemostasis |
the cessation of blood |
hem/o- blood |
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prothrombin |
Blood clotting factor 2. Activated before the Thrombus is formed |
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serum |
fluid portion of plasma that remains after the clotting factors are activated to form a blood clot |
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thromboplastin |
Blood clotting factor 3. AKA tissue fact bc it is released when tissue is injured. |
thromb/o- Thrombus (blood clot) plast/o- growth; formation |
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active immunity |
body's continuing immune response against pathogens it has seen before |
immun/o- immune response |
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antibody |
Produce by a B cell when it becomes a plasma cell. AKA immunoglobulin. |
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antigen |
Protein marker that indicates blood type |
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B cell |
lymphocyte that matures in the red marrow of the bone. Activated by macrophages and become plasma cells that make antibodies. Help activate T cells |
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complement proteins |
group of nine preotiens in the plasma |
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endotoxin |
toxic substance produced by some bacteria. Acts as a poison in the body causing fever, chills, and shock. destroyed by tumor necrosis factor. |
tox/o- poison |
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histamine |
Released be basophils. Dilates blood vessels and increases blood flow to damaged tissues |
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IgA |
Immunoglobulin A. Antibody present in body secrestions (tears, saliva, mucus, and breastmilk) Passive immunity to infant during breastfeeding. |
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IgD |
Immunoglobulin D. Antibody present on the surface of B cells, stimulates the B cells to become plasma cells
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IgE |
Immunoglobulin E. Antibody present on the surface of basophils. Cause them to release histamine and herapin during allergic and inflammatory reactions
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IgG |
Immunoglobulin G. Antibody produced by plasma cells the second time a specific pathogen enters the body. Smallest and most abundant immunoglobulin. Provide passive immunity to the fetus during pregnancy.
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IgM |
Immunoglobulin M. Antibody produced by plasma cells during initial exposure to pathogen. Largest immunoglobulin
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immunoglobulins |
Antibodies |
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interfereon |
Produced by monocytes that have engulfed a virus |
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interleukin |
Produce by monocytes that produce B cell and T cell lymphocytes and NK cells. Produces fever. |
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lymph |
fluid that flows through the lymphatic system |
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macrophage |
Large monocyte in the lymph nodes, intestine, liver, pancreas, thymus, spleem, bone, or skin |
phag/o- eating; swallowing |
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natural killer (NK) cell |
lymphocyte that mature in red marrow without help from antibodies or proteins, recognizes and destroys cancer cells or cells infected with a virus |
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phagocyte |
leukocyte that engulfs foreign cells and cellular debris and destroys them with digestive enzymes. Includes neutrophils and monocytes. |
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T cell |
Lymphocyte that matures in the thymus. Helper T cells, memory T cells, cytotoxic T cells, and supressor T cells. |
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tumor necrosis fact (TNF) |
substance that destroys endotoxins produced by certain bacteria. Also destroys cancerous cells |
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