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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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List the functions of bone tissue
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Support
Protection Assist in movement Mineral homeostasis Blood cell production Triglyceride storage |
SPA MBT
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What type of tissues make up the skeletal system?
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Bone or osseous tissue
Cartilage Dense connective tissues Epithelium Adipose tissue Nervous tissue |
B.C. Dean
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What makes up red bone marrow?
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Consists of:
1. developing blood cells 2. adipocytes 3. fibroblasts 3. macrophages |
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Red bone marrow is present in which bones?
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1.Developing bones of the fetus
2.Adult bones of pelvis, ribs, breastbone, backbones, skull and ends of the arm bones & thighs |
Mostly developing bones, selected adult bones
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List parts of the long bone
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1. Diaphysis
2. Epiphyses 3. Metaphyses 4. Epiphyseal plate 4. Articular cartilage 5. Periosteum 6. Medullary cavity/marrow carity 7. Endosteum |
Map Me De
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Where is yellow bone marrow found?
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In aging bones of adults
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What is yellow bone marrow made of?
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Adipose cells (which store triglycerides and a few blood cells.
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Yellow bone marrow stores adipose cells for what function?
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Chemical energy reserve
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Which bones parts store red bone marrow?
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Spongy epiphysis and Metaphysis contain red bone marrow
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Where is yellow bone marrow found?
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Medullary cavity of the diaphysis
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The intracellular materials that surround the bone consists of what?
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Water 25%
Collagen fibers 25% Crystallized Mineral salts 50% Small amounts of Magnesium hydroxide, fluoride & sulfate |
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Describe the process of calcification
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Mineral salts get deposited in collagen fibers of the bone matrix, they crystallize and tissue hardens
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The process of calcification/mineralization is initiated by what?
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Osteoblasts....the bone-building cells
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Bone hardness depends on what?
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Crystallized inorganic mineral salts
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Bones flexibility depends on what?
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Collagen fibers
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Histological features of bone tissue are what?
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1. Osteogenic cells
2. Osteoblasts 3. Osteocytes 4. Osteoclasts |
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Osteogenic cells undergo ______ _______ and develop into _____________ which secrete ________ ___________.
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Cell division
Osteoblasts Bone matrix |
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Which bone cells undergo cell division?
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Osteogenic cells
Found along the inner portion of the periosteum, in the endosteum, and in the canals w/in bone that contain blood vessels |
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Daughter cells of osteogenic cells develop into what?
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Osteoblasts
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Osteoblasts build what?
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Bone
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What do osteoblasts do?
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Synthesize & secrete collagen fibers & organic components to build bone matrix, and initiate calcification
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What happens when osteoblasts surround themselves w/matrix?
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They beome trapped and become osteocytes
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What are osteocytes
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Mature bone cells
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What do Osteocytes do?
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Maintain the tissue (exchange of nutrients & wastes with the blood)
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What are osteoclasts?
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Large white blood cells that are concentrated in the endosteum
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What do osteoclasts do?
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Releases lysomal enzymes & acids that digest protein and mineral components of the bone matrix. (resorption)
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What is resorption?
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Breakdown oof bone matrix...the normal development, growth, maintenance and repair of bone
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T/F
Blasts secrete matrix Cytes maintain tissue Clasts break down matrix |
True
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Why is bone resorption important?
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It is part of the normal development, growth, maintenance, and repair of bone
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What is compact bone tissue?
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Forms external layer of bones, is the bulk of diaphyses of long bones. Protects & supports, resists stresses of weight/movement
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What makes up the blood and nerve supply of bone?
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Blood vessels, lymphatic vessles, and nerves from the periosteum penetrate the compact bone through transverse perforating (Volkmann's) canals.
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T/F
Compact bone tissue contains osteons |
True
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T/F
Spongy bone tissue DOES NOT contain osteons. |
True
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Why is bone considered a connective tissue?
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Because they contain a matrix of intercellular materials that surround widely separated cells
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What are the four types of cells found in bone tissue?
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Osteogenic cells
Osteoblasts Osteocytes Osteoclasts |
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What is the composition of the matrix of bone tissue?
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Abundant mineral salts (mostly hydroxyapatite) and collagen fibers
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T/F
Compact bone tissue consists of osteons with little space between them |
True
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T/F
Compact bone tissue lies over spongy bone tissue in the epiphyses and makes up most of the bone tissue of the diaphysis. |
True
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T/F
Functionally, compact bone tissue protects, supports, and resists stress |
True
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T/F
Spongy bone tissue does not contain osteons. It consists of trabeculae surrounding many red bone marrow- filled spaces. |
True
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T/F
Spongy bone tissue forms most of the structure of short, flat, and irregular bones, and the epiphyses of long bones. |
True
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T/F
Functionally, spongy bone tissue trabeculae offer resistance along lines of stress, support and protect red bone marrow, and make bones lighter for easier movement. |
True
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T/F
The Periosteum contains bone-forming cells that enable bone to grow in diameter or thickness, but NOT in length. |
True
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The diaphysis is what part of the bone?
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Bone shaft or body - long, cylindrical main portion of the bone.
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Epiphyses is what part of the bone?
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Distal and proximal ends of the bone
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The metaphyses are what part of the bone?
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Regions in a mature bone where the diaphysis joins the epiphyses
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What is the epiphyseal plate?
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In a growing bone each metaphysis includes an epiphyseal plate, a layer of hyaline cartilage that allows the diaphysis of the bone to grow in length
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What is the articular cartilage?
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A thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the epiphysis
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