Ch 6 Med Term

Front 1

liver function tests (LFTs)

Back 1

tests for presence of enzymes (ALT, AST, alk phos) & bilirubin in serum

Front 2

ALT & AST

Back 2

aminotransferase enzymes elevated in liver disease - indicates dmg to liver cells

Front 3

alkaline phosphatase (alk phos)

Back 3

enzyme that is higher in liver, bone, etc diseases

Front 4

serum bilirubin

Back 4

higher in ppl with liver disease & jaundice

tested via direct bilirubin test & indirect bilirubin test

Front 5

direct bilirubin test

Back 5

measures conjugated bilirubin (c/b with substance in liver)

high levels suggest liver disease, biliary obstruction

Front 6

indirect bilirubin test

Back 6

measures unconjugated bilirubin

increased levels mean excess hemolysis*

Front 7

stool culture

Back 7

tests for microorganisms in feces

Front 8

stool guaiac or hemoccult test

Back 8

detection of occult (hidden) blood in feces

-screens for colon cancer

Front 9

guaiac

Back 9

chemical from wood - reacts with any blood in feces*

used in hemoccult/stool guaiac tests

Front 10

lower gastrointestinal series (barium enema)

Back 10

x-ray images of colon & rectum after injection of barium into rectum*

Front 11

upper gastrointestinal series

Back 11

x-ray of esophagus, stomach & small intestines after giving barium by mouth

Front 12

small bowel follw-through

Back 12

done immediately after upper GI series = shows sequential x-ray of small intestines as barium passes through

Front 13

barium swallow

Back 13

x-ray of esophagus

Front 14

cholangiography

Back 14

x-ray of biliary system performed after injection of contrast into bile ducts

Front 15

percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography

Back 15

contrast media enters via needle through abdominal wall into liver

Front 16

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

Back 16

contrast media injected via catheter through mouth, esophagus, stomach & duodenum & then bile ducts

Front 17

computed tomography (CT)

Back 17

imaging technique in which a series of x-ray films are obtained to visualize internal organs in multiple views including cross-section

Front 18

tomography

Back 18

(tom/o - to cut) - produces series of x-ray pics showing multiple organ views

Front 19

abdominal ultrasonography (ultrasound examination or sonography)

Back 19

sound waves beamed into the abdomen to produce an image of abdominal viscera

Front 20

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Back 20

magnetic & radio waves produce images of organs & tissues in all 3 planes of body

Front 21

liver scan

Back 21

image of the liver after injecting radioactive material into the blood stream

Front 22

gastric bypass

Back 22

reducing size of stomach & diverting food to jejunum (gastrojejunostomy)

bariatric surgery for obese

Front 23

bar/o

Back 23

weight

ex: bariatric

Front 24

gastrointestinal endoscopy

Back 24

visual examination of GI tract using endoscope

-MD puts tube through mouth or anus to view parts of GI tract

ex: esophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy, simoidoscopy, proctoscopy, anoscopy

Front 25

virtual colonoscopy (CT colonography)

Back 25

combine CT scanning & computer technology to enable MD to examine entire length of colon non-invasively in minutes

Front 26

laparoscopy

Back 26

visual (endoscopic) examination of abdomen with laparoscope inserted through small incisions in abdomen

Front 27

liver biopsy

Back 27

removal of liver tissue followed by microscopic visualization

Front 28

nasogastric intubation

Back 28

insertion of tube through nose into stomach

Front 29

paracentesis (abdominocentesis)

Back 29

surgical puncture to remove fluid from abdomen

drains fluid from peritoneal cavity (ascites)

Front 30

alk phos

Back 30

alkaline phosphatase

Front 31

ALT, AST

Back 31

alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase - enzymes measured to evaluate liver function

Front 32

BE

Back 32

barium enema

Front 33

BM

Back 33

bowel movement

Front 34

BRBPR

Back 34

bright red blood per rectum - hematochezia

Front 35

CT

Back 35

computed tomography

Front 36

EGD

Back 36

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

Front 37

ERCP

Back 37

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Front 38

FOBT

Back 38

fecal occult blood test

Front 39

G-tube

Back 39

gastrostomy tube (aka stomach tube, PEG tube)

Front 40

GB

Back 40

gallbladder

Front 41

GERD

Back 41

gastroesophageal reflux disease

Front 42

GI

Back 42

gastrointestinal

Front 43

HBV

Back 43

hep B

Front 44

IBD

Back 44

inflammatory bowel disease

Front 45

LAC

Back 45

laparoscopic assisted colectomy

Front 46

LFTs

Back 46

liver function tests

alk phos, bilirubin, AST (SGOT), ALT (SGPT)

Front 47

MRI

Back 47

magnetic resonance imaging

Front 48

NG tube

Back 48

nasogastric tube

Front 49

NPO

Back 49

nothing by mouth

Front 50

PEG tube

Back 50

percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube - feeding tube

Front 51

PEJ tube

Back 51

percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy tube - feeding tube

Front 52

PTHC

Back 52

percutaneous tranhepatic cholangiography

Front 53

PUD

Back 53

peptic ulcer disease

Front 54

STEP

Back 54

serial transverse enteroplasty

Front 55

TPN

Back 55

total parental nutrition

Front 56

T-tube

Back 56

tube placed in biliary tract for draining