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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Cabinet
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Group that advises the U.S. president, made up of the heads of the executive departments.
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Capitalism
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Economic system i which private business runs most industries, and competition determines how much goods cost and workers are paid.
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Strict Construction
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Philosophy of narrowly interpreting the Constitution; holds that the government can do only what the Constitution specifically allows.
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Loose Construction
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Philosophy of constitutional interpretation; holds that within broad limits the government can do anything the Constitution does not specifically forbid.
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Bill of Rights
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Guarantees U.S. citizens specific rights, such as freedom of speech, religion, and the press.
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Judiciary Act of 1789
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Established a federal district court for each state.
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Alexander Hamilton
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Was at one the secretary of the treasury, and was also the president who appointed attorney general Edmund Randolph.
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Bank of The United States
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A National Bank that was a banking system that was created in 1791 to support the U.S. economy.
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Whiskey Rebellion
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Protest by farmers in Pennsylvania against new taxes on whiskey.
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Little Turtle
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He was a Miami Indian Chief known as Little Turtle, in which his forces soundly defeated the U.S. troops in a battle along the Wabash river in what is now known as Indiana.
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Anthony Wayne
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He was a Revolutionary War hero who organized and led the forces of President Washington.
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Battle of Fallen Timbers
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Battle near present-day Toledo, Ohio, between U.S. troops and an American Indian confederation; opened some Indian lands to settlement.
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Treaty of Greenville
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Agreement between American Indian confederation leaders and the U.S. government that gave the United States much of the land in the present-day Ohio and parts of Indiana in exchange for $20,000 worth of goods and formal acknowledgment of Indian claims to other lands.
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Impressment
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British practice in the early 1800's of kidnapping American sailors to force them to serve in the British navy.
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Right of Deposit
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Right to transfer goods at a destination without having to pay duties on the cargo.
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Sectionalism
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Loyalty to a particular part of the country.
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French Revolution
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French rebellion begun in 1789 in which the French people overthrew the monarchy and made the country a republic.
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Edmond Genet
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A young French diplomat who hoped to organize "revolutionary clubs" and persuade Americans to honor their 1778 military alliance treaty with France.
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John Jay
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Chief of Justice who was sent by President Washington to Britain in 1794 to negotiate a settlement.
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Jay's Treaty
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Agreement negotiated by John Jay in which the British agreed to give up their northwestern forts in exchange for the United States paying debts owed to the British.
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Pinckney's Treaty
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(1795) Agreement negotiated by Thomas Pinckney that recognized the southern border of the United States as the 31st parallel and guaranteed U.S. navigation rights on the Mississippi River.
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Thomas Pinckney
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Was of South Carolina who negotiated the Pinckey's Treaty.
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Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand- Périgord
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In 1797, he was France's foreign minister and sent three agents to present France's demands to U.S. diplomats.
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XYZ affair
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Incident in which French agents demanded a bribe and loan from U.S. diplomats in exchange for discussing an agreement that French privateers would no longer attack American ships.
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Alien and Sedition Acts
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Laws passed by a Federalist-dominated Congress making it easier to deport foreigners and illegal to print or speak words hostile to the government.
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Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
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Statements passed in 1798 and 1799 that denounced the Alien and Sedition Acts.
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Judicial Review
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Power of the courts to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional.
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Aaron Burr
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Was a U.S. senator from New York, and was against Federalists John Adams and Charles Pinckney for the presidency.
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Twelfth Amendment
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Constitutional amendment that created a separate ballot for president and vice president.
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John Marshall
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Was of Virginia who was selected as Chief Justice of the United States by President John Adams.
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Marbury vs. Madison
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Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review.
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Louisiana Purchase
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U.S. purchase of French land between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains that has been called the largest land deal in history.
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Toussaint-Louverture
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Was an slave leader of the African-Americans and was a military strategist along with being the grandson of an African chief.
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Meriwether Lewis
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Was of the Lewis and Clark Expedition.
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William Clark
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Was with Mieriwether and 45 other explorers in the Lewis and Clark Expedition.
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Sacagawea
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Was the wife of a Canadian Fur Trader and was a guide and interpreter.
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Zebulon Pike
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Was another explorer who was competing against Lewis and Clark in a Expedition.
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Orders in Council
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British acts that forbade neutral vessels from trading with France or entering French-controlled ports.
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Embargo Act
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Law that stopped the shipment of food and other American products to all foreign ports.
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Non-Intercourse Act
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Law that replaced the Embargo Act; restored trade with all nations except for Britain and France.
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Tecumseh
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Was a Shawnee leader who rallied Indian nations east of the Mississippi River.
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William Henry Harrison
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Marshalled troops for an attack along the Tippecanoe River in Indiana Territory.
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Battle of Tippecanoe
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U.S. victory over an American Indian confederation that wanted to stop white settlement in the Northwest Territory; increased tensions between Britain and the United States.
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Battle of the Thames
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War of 1812 battle won by U.S. troops, led by William Henry Harrison; broke the British hold on the Northwest Territory.
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Dolley Madison
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Was the First Lady (1814) who escaped the executive mansion just hours before enemy forces crashed through its doors.
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Andrew Jackson
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Was a General (around 1814) who arrived in New Orleans to lead the U.S. forces, he found that few preparations had been made to counter the British attack.
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Battle of New Orleans
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Greatest U.S. victory in the War of 1812; actually took place two weeks after the signing of a peace treaty that ended the war.
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Treaty of Ghent
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Treaty between the United States and Britain that ended the War of 1812.
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Hartford Convention
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Meeting of New England Federalists that proposed a constitutional amendment that would limit the powers of Congress and the southern states; viewed as disloyal, it weakened the power of the Federalist Party.
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