Ch. 5 Cardiovascular System

Front 1

angi/o
vas/o
vascul/o

Back 1

vessel

Front 2

aort/o

Back 2

aorta

Front 3

arteri/o

Back 3

artery

Front 4

ather/o

Back 4

fatty (lipid) paste

Front 5

atri/o

Back 5

atrium

Front 6

cardi/o

Back 6

heart

Front 7

coron/o

Back 7

circle or crown

Front 8

my/o

Back 8

muscle

Front 9

pect/o

steth/o

Back 9

chest

Front 10

sphygm/o

Back 10

pulse

Front 11

thromb/o

Back 11

clot

Front 12

ven/o
pleb/o

Back 12

vein

Front 13

varic/o

Back 13

swollen, twisted vein

Front 14

ventricul/o

Back 14

ventricle (belly or pouch)

Front 15

atrium

Back 15

upper right or left
chamber of the heart

Front 16

endocardium

Back 16

membrane lining the
cavities of the heart

Front 17

epicardium

Back 17

membrane forming the
puter layer of teh heart

Front 18

interatrial septum

Back 18

partition between right and left atrium

Front 19

interventricular septum

Back 19

partition between right and left ventricle

Front 20

myocardium

Back 20

heart muscle

Front 21

pericardium

Back 21

protective sac enclosing the heart composed of two layers with fluid between

Front 22

ventricle

Back 22

lower right or left chamber
of the heart

Front 23

heart valves

Back 23

structures within the heart that open and close with the heartbeat to regulate the one-way flow of blood

Front 24

aortic valve

Back 24

heart valve between the left ventricle and the aorta

Front 25

mitral or bicuspid valve

Back 25

heart valve between the left
atrium and the left ventricle

Front 26

pulmonary semilunar valve

Back 26

heart valve opening from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery

Front 27

tricuspid valve

Back 27

valve b/t the right atrium and the right ventricle

Front 28

valves of teh veins

Back 28

valves located at intervals within the lining of veins, especially in the legs which constrict wth muscle action to move the blood returning to the heart

Front 29

arteries

Back 29

vessels that carry blood from the heart to the arterioles

Front 30

aorta

Back 30

large artery that is teh main trunk of the arterial system branching from the left ventricle

Front 31

arterioles

Back 31

small vessels that receive blood from the arteries

Front 32

capillaries

Back 32

tiny vessels that join arterioles and
venules

Front 33

venules

Back 33

small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the veins

Front 34

veins

Back 34

vessels that carry blood to the heart from the venules

Front 35

systemic circulation

Back 35

circulationj of the blood throughout the body through arteries, arterioles, cappillaries, venules, and veins to deliver oxygen and nutrients to body tissues

Front 36

coronary circulation

Back 36

circulation of blood through the coronary blood vessels to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle

Front 37

pulmonary circulation

Back 37

circulation of blood from the pulmonary artery through the vessels in the lungs and back to the heart via the pulmonary vein, providing for the exchange of gases

Front 38

systemic circulation

Back 38

circulationj of the blood throughout the body through arteries, arterioles, cappillaries, venules, and veins to deliver oxygen and nutrients to body tissues

Front 39

diastole

Back 39

to expand; period in the cardiac cycle
when blood enters the relaxed ventricles from the atria

Front 40

systole

Back 40

to contract; period in the cardiac cycle when the heart is in contraction and blood is ejected through the aorta nd pulmonary artery

Front 41

normotension

Back 41

normal blood pressure

Front 42

hypotension

Back 42

low blood pressure

Front 43

hypertension

Back 43

high blood pressure

Front 44

arteriosclerosis

Back 44

thickening, loss of elasticity and calcification(hardening) of arterial walls

Front 45

atherosclerosis

Back 45

buildup of fatty subsances that harden within the walls of arteries

Front 46

atheromatous plaque

Back 46

a swollen area within the lining of an artery caused by the buildup of fat

Front 47

thrombus

Back 47

a stationary blood clot

Front 48

embolus

Back 48

a clot ( air, fat, foreign object) carried in the bloodstream that obstructs when it lodges

(embolus = a stopper)

Front 49

stenosis

Back 49

condition of narrowing of a part

Front 50

constriction

Back 50

compression of a part

Front 51

occlusion

Back 51

plugging, obstruction or a closing off

Front 52

ischemia

Back 52

to hold back blood; decreased blood flow to tissue caused by constriction or occlusion of a blood vessel

Front 53

perfusion deficit

Back 53

a lsck of flow through a blood vessel caused by a narrowing, occlusion, etc.

Front 54

infarct

Back 54

to stuff; a localized area of necrosis
caused by ischemia resulting from occlusion of a blood vessel.

Front 55

angina pectoris

Back 55

chest pain causd by a temporary loss f oxygenated blood to heart muscle often caused by narrowing of coronary arteries

(angina= to choke)

Front 56

aneurysm

Back 56

a widening; bulging of the wall of tbe heart, aorta, or artery caused by congenital defect or acquired weakness

Front 57

saccular aneurysm

Back 57

a saclike bulge on one side

Front 58

fusiform aneurysm

Back 58

a spindle shaped bulge

Front 59

dissecting aneurysm

Back 59

a split or tear of the vessel wall

Front 60

claudication

Back 60

to limp; pain in a limb ( especially rh calf) while walking that subsides after rest; caused by inadequate blood supply

Front 61

heart murmur

Back 61

an abnormal sound from the heart produced by defects in the chambers or valves

Front 62

vegetation

Back 62

to grow; an abnormal growth of tissue around a valve, generally a result of infection

Front 63

sinatrial node

Back 63

the pacemaker; highly specialized neurologic tissue impeded in the wall of the right atrium responsible for initiating electrical conduction of the heartbeat , causing the stria to contract and firing conduction of impulses to the AV node

Front 64

atrioventricular node

Back 64

neurologic tissue in the center of the heart that receives and amplifies the conduction of impulses from the SA node to the bundle of "His"

Front 65

bundle of His

Back 65

neurologic fibers extending from the AV node to the right and the left bundle branches that fire the impulse from the AV node to the Purkinje fibers.

Front 66

Purkinje fibers

Back 66

fibers in the ventricles that transmit impulses to the right and left ventricles, causing them to contract

Front 67

polarization

Back 67

resting; resting state of a myocardial cell

Front 68

depolarization

Back 68

change of a mycardial cell from a polarized state to a state of contraction

Front 69

repolarization

Back 69

recharging of the myocardial cell from a contracted state back to a resting state

Front 70

normal sinus rhythm

NSR

Back 70

regular rhythm of the heart cycle stimulated by teh SA node (avg. rate 60-100 bpm)

Front 71

arhythmia

Back 71

any of several kinds of irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat