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51 Cards in this Set

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What is the study of tissue?

Histology

4 Major Types of Tissue

*Epithelial


*Connective


*Muscle


*Nerve

This covers the Body Surfaces & Lines Structures.

Epithelium/Epithelial Tissue

Major type of Tissue

This protects, supports, binds, provides immunity, and stores fat.

Connective Tissue

Major type of Tissue

This Contracts

Muscle Tissue

Major type of Tissue

This detects stimuli and transmits nerve impulses.

Nervous Tissue

Major type of Tissue

2 Basic Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue

*Covers and Lines


*Glandular Epithelium

This consists of cells arranged in continuous sheets, either in single or multiple layers.

Cellular

General Feature of the Epithelial Tissue

3 Types of Surfaces

*Free/Apical Surface


*Lateral Surface


*Basal Surface

General Feature of the Epithelial Tissue

Has no blood supply.

Avascular

General Feature of the Epithelial Tissue

Has nerve supply

Innervated

General Feature of the Epithelial Tissue

This divides the cells to produce a new population.

Mitotically Active

General Feature of the Epithelial Tissue

Epithelium is Classified by 2 Things

*Cell Shape


*Number Layers

2 Types of Layers

*Simple


*Stratified

This is a thin and flattened cells; and looks like a fried egg.

Squamous

3 Types of Epithelial Tissue Basic Shapes

This has equal widths & lengths, and is cubed or hexagon shaped.

Cuboidal

3 Types of Epithelial Tissue Basic Shapes

It is taller than they are wide.

Columnar

3 Types of Epithelial Tissue Basic Shapes

Single Layer of flat cells, with a centrally located in the nucleus.


The functions are; Filtration, Diffusion, Secretion, & Osmosis.

Single Layer of flat cells, with a centrally located in the nucleus.




The functions are; Filtration, Diffusion, Secretion, & Osmosis.

Simple Squamous

Types of Epithelium

Single Layer of cubed shaped cells,  with a centrally located in the nucleus.


The functions are; Secretion & Absorption.

Single Layer of _________ shaped cells, with a centrally located in the nucleus.



The functions are; Secretion & Absorption.

Simple Cuboidal

Types of Epithelium

Single Layer of columnar shaped cells, with basically located in the nucleus; can be ciliated or non-cilitated.


The functions are; Secretion & Absorption.

Single Layer of _________ shaped cells, with it being located in the nucleus; can be ciliated or non-cilitated.



The functions are; Secretion & Absorption.

Simple Columnar

Types of Epithelium

Several Layers of cells, with varying shapes; apical cells are squamous shaped.


The function is; Protection.

Several Layers of cells, with varying shapes; Apical Cells are __________ shaped.



The function is; Protection.

Stratified Squamous

Types of Epithelium

Only 1 cell layer thick, but has the appearance of multi-layers because the nuclei of the cells lie at different levels.


The functions are; Secretion & Movement of mucus by cilia.

Only 1 cell layer thick, but has the appearance of multi-layers because the nuclei of the cells lie at different levels.




The functions are; Secretion & Movement of mucus by cilia.

Ciliated Pseudostratified Columnar

Types of Epithelium

Has several layers, but there is transitional shapes of cells from Cuboidal to Squamous; apical layer has dome shaped cells that may be binucleated.


The function is; Allows for distention or Stretching.

Has several layers, but there is __________ shapes of cells from Cuboidal to Squamous; Apical Layer has dome shaped cells that may be binucleated.



The function is; Allows for Distention or Stretching.

Transitional

Types of Epithelium

The function is secretion; one or more specialized cell types that release their contents into ducts; onto a surface, or directly into the blood.

Glands

Glands that secrete their products, into ducts and onto the body surfaces or cavities.

Exocrine

Type of Glands

Glands that secrete their products, directly into the blood.

Endocrine

Type of Glands

3 General Characteristics of Connective Tissue (CT)

*Ground Substance


*Protein Fibers


*Specialized Cells

3 Types of Protein Fibers

*Collagen


*Elastic


*Reticular

4 Types of Connective Tissue

*Loose


*Dense


*Supportive


*Fluid

5 Types of Cells in CT

*Adipocytes


*Fibroblasts


*Macrophages


*Mast Cells


*Plasma Cells

Contains all 3 types of fibers, several kinds of cells; most predominant type of CT proper in the body.


The functions are; Strength, Elasticity, and Support.

Contains all 3 types of fibers, several kinds of cells; most predominant type of CT proper in the body.




The functions are; Strength, Elasticity, and Support.

Areolar Tissue

Type of Loose Connective Tissue

Adipocytes that store lipids; the cytoplasm and the nucleus are pushed on the periphery by lipid droplet.


The functions are; Reduces Heat Loss, Energy Storage, Supports & Protects.

______ that store lipids; the cytoplasm and the nucleus are pushed on the periphery by lipid droplet.



The functions are; Reduces Heat Loss, Energy Storage, Supports & Protects.

Adipose Tissue

Type of Loose Connective Tissue

Collagen fibers densely arranged, with fibroblastsbetween them.  



The function is; Provides strong attachments.

Collagen Fibers are densely arranged, with fibroblasts between them.


The function is; Provides strong attachments.

Dense Regular

Type of Dense Connective Tissue

Densely packed, randomly arranged collagen fibers.

The function is; Provides strength.

Collagen Fibers are densely packed, but it is randomly arranged.



The function is; Provides strength.

Dense Irregular

Type of Dense Connective Tissue

Chondrocytes in lacuna,"glassy" like matrix that resembles a water picture.

The functions are; Smooth Surface for Articulating Structures, Support, & Flexibility.

Chondrocytes in Lacuna is a "glassy" like matrix, that resembles a water picture.



The functions are; Smooth Surface for Articulating Structures, Support, & Flexibility.

Hyaline Cartilage

Type of Supportive Connective Tissue

Chondrocytes in a  lacuna, with elastic fibers in the background, appears "dirty".

The functions are; Support & Maintain Shape.

Chondrocytes in a Lacuna, with ______ fibers in the background, appears "dirty".



The functions are; Support & Maintain Shape.

Elastic Cartilage

Type of Supportive Connective Tissue

System of osteons, with features that includelamellae, lacunae, osteocytes, canaliculi and haversian canal.


The functions are; Support, protection, storage, houses blood formingtissues, aids in movement.

System of osteons, with features that include lamellae, lacunae, osteocytes, canaliculi and haversian canal.



The functions are; Support, protection, storage, houses blood formingtissues, aids in movement.

Bone Cartilage

Type of Supportive Connective Tissue

Consists of plasma, redblood cells, white blood cells and platelets.

The functions are; Transports, phagocytosis, involved in allergicreactions, immune response and blood clotting.

Consists of plasma, redblood cells, white blood cells and platelets.



The functions are; Transports, phagocytosis, involved in allergic reactions, immune response and blood clotting.

Blood Cells

Type of Fluid Connective Tissue

3 General Functions for Muscle Tissue

*Produces Body Movements


*Generates Heat


*Maintains Posture

3 Types of Muscle Tissue

*Skeletal


*Smooth


*Cardiac

Parallel Fibers, Multi-Nucleated, & Striated; and it is voluntary or striated.

Skeletal Muscle

3 Types of Muscle Tissue

Spindle shaped cells, with it being centrally located with nucleus; and it being involuntary.

Smooth Muscle

3 Types of Muscle Tissue

Branched cells, with centrally located nuclei, striated; and it is involuntary.

Cardiac Muscle

3 Types of Muscle Tissue

2 Types of Nervous Tissue

*Neuron or Nerve Cells


*Neuroglia

Send & Receive messages

Neuron or Nerve Cells

2 Types of Nervous Tissue

Support & Nourish; Nervous Tissue

Neuroglia

2 Types of Nervous Tissue

Combination of Epithelial & Connective Tissue.

Membranes

4 Types of Membrane

*Mucous


*Serous


*Synovial


*Cutaneous

Lines the body cavities that open to the exterior.

Mucous Membrane

4 Types of Membrane

This Membrane has 2 parts; Parietal and Visceral Layers.

Serous Membrane

4 Types of Membrane

The line cavities, of the joints.

Synovial Membrane

4 Types of Membrane