Ch 4, Sec 3 Parts Of A Cell

Front 1

phospholipid bilayer

Back 1

Polar, hydrophilic phosphate head and two non-polar hydrophobic fatty acid tails.

Front 2

chromosome

Back 2

Structures in the nucleus made of DNA and protein.

Front 3

nuclear envelope

Back 3

Nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane. Made up of two phospholipid bilayers.

Front 4

nucleolus

Back 4

A nuclei that contains at least one denser area. Is the site where DNA is concentrated when it is in the process of making ribosomal RNA

Front 5

ribosome

Back 5

Are organelles made of protein and RTNA that direct protein synthesis in the cytoplasm.

Front 6

mitochondrion

Back 6

Are tiny organelles that transfer energy from organic molecules to ATP

Front 7

endoplasmic reticulum

Back 7

Is a system of membranous tubes and sacs. Primarily as an intracellular highway where the molecules move from one part of the cell to another.

Front 8

Golgi apparatus

Back 8

A system of flattened, membranous sacs

Front 9

lysosome

Back 9

Are vesicles that bud from the Golgi apparatus and that contain digestive enzymes.

Front 10

cytoskeleton

Back 10

Is a network of thin tubes and filaments that crisscross the cytosol.

Front 11

microtubule

Back 11

Are hollow tubes made of a protein called tubulin.

Front 12

microfilament

Back 12

Are long threads of the beadlike protein actin and are linked end to end and wrapped around each other like two strands of a rope.

Front 13

cilium

Back 13

Are hair like structures that extend from the surface of the cell and they assist in movement.

Front 14

flagellum

Back 14

Are hair like structures that extend from the surface of the cell and they assist in movement.

Front 15

centriole

Back 15

Consists of two short cylinders of microtubules at right angles to each other and are situated in the cytoplasm near the nuclear envelope.

Front 16

The plasma membrane is composed of mainly what?

Back 16

lipid bilayer

Front 17

Substances produced in a cell and exported outside of the cell would pass through what two cell parts?

Back 17

endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus

Front 18

Cells that have a high energy requirement generally have many___________________?

Back 18

mitochondria

Front 19

Viruses, bacteria and old organelles that a cell ingests are broken down in _________________?

Back 19

Lysosomes

Front 20

organelles that are surrounded by two membranes and contain DNA are what 2 cell parts?

Back 20

nucleus and mitochondria

Front 21

What roles do membrane proteins play in transporting only certain substances into a cell?

Back 21

Some proteins form channels or pores through which certain substances can pass. Other proteins bind to a substance on one side of the membrane and carry it to the other side.

Front 22

What are ribosomes made of?

Back 22

made of proteins and RNA

Front 23

What cellular function are ribosomes involved in?

Back 23

They are involved in protein synthesis

Front 24

What is the cytoskelton?

Back 24

is a network of long protein strands located in teh cytosol.

Front 25

What are the three major components for the cytoskeleton?

Back 25

1. microfilaments
2. microtubules
3. intermediate filaments

Front 26

Describe the structural organization shared by cilia and Flagella?

Back 26

composed of nine pairs of microtubules arranged around a central pair.