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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Physical States
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the condition of matter existing as a solid, liquid, or gas
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Sublimation
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a direct change of state from a solid to a gas
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Deposition
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a direct change of state from a gas to a solid
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Heterogeneous Mixture
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matter having an indefinite composition and variable properties
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Homogeneous Mixture
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matter having a definite composition, but variable properties from sample to sample; for example, alloys and solutions
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Substance
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mater having a definite composition and constant properties; for example, an element or compound
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Alloy
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a homogeneous mixture of two or more metals
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Compound
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a substance that can be broken down into simpler substances
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Element
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a substance that cannot be broken down by chemical reaction
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Atoms
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the smallest particle that represents an element
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Chemical Symbol
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an abbreviation for the name of a chemical element
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Metals
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an element that is generally shiny in appearance, has a high density, high melting point, and is a good conductor of heat and electricity
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Malleable
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the property of a metal that allows it to be machined into a foil
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Ductile
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the property of metal that allows it to be drawn into a wire
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Nonmetal
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an element that is generally dull in appearance, has a low density, low melting point, and is not a good conductor of heat and electricity
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Semimetals
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an element that is generally metallic in appearance and has properties midway between those of a metal and a nonmetal
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Atomic Number
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a number that identifies a particular element
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Periodic Table
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a chart that arranges elements according to their properties
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Law of Definite Composition
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the principal that a compound always contains the same mass ratio of elements
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Chemical Formula
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an abbreviation for the name of a chemical compound that indicates the number of atoms of each element
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Molecule
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a single particle composed of two or more nonmetal atoms
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Physical Property
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a property that can be observed without changing the chemical formula of a substance
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Chemical Property
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a property that cannot be observed without changing the chemical formula of a substance
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Physical Change
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a modification of a substance that does not alter the chemical composition
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Chemical Change
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a modification of a substance that alters the chemical composition
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Law of Conversation of Mass
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the law that states mass cannot be created or destroyed
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Potential Energy (PE)
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the stored energy that matter possesses owing to its position or composition
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Kinetic Energy (KE)
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the energy associated with the mass and velocity of a particle
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Law of Conservation of Energy
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the law that states energy cannot be created or destroyed
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Law of Conservation of Mass and Energy
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the law that states the total mass and energy in the universe is constant
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