Ch. 34

Front 1

the way an organism reacts to changes in its internal condition or external environment

Back 1

behavior

Front 2

any kind of signal that carries information and can be detected

Back 2

stimulus

Front 3

a single, specific reaction to a stimulus- such as waking up when you hear an alarm- is called a

Back 3

response

Front 4

when an animal responds to a stimulus, body systems -including teh sense organs, nervous system, adn muscles- interact to produce the

Back 4

resultant behavior

Front 5

instinct, or inborn behavior

Back 5

innate behavior

Front 6

appear in fully functional form the first time they are performed, even though teh animal may have had no previous experience with the stimuli to which it responds

Back 6

innate behavior

Front 7

aquired behavior, behaviors that develop over time

Back 7

learning

Front 8

four major types of learning:

Back 8

habituation, classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and insight learning

Front 9

a process by which an animal decreases or stops its response to a reptitive stimulus that neither rewards nor harms the animal

Back 9

habituation

Front 10

any time an animal makes a mental connection between a sitmulus and some kind of reward or punishment

Back 10

classical conditioning

Front 11

occurs when an animal learns to behave in a certain way through repeated practice, in order to receive a reward or avoid punishment

Back 11

operant conditioning

Front 12

occurs when an animal applies somethign ti ahs already learning to a new situation, without a period of trial and error

Back 12

insight learning

Front 13

keeps young animals close to their mother, who protects them and leads them to food sources

Back 13

imprinting

Front 14

many animals respond to periodic changes in teh environment with daily or - cycles of behavior

Back 14

seasonal

Front 15

the periodic movement form one place to another and then back again

Back 15

migration

Front 16

behavioral cycles that occur in daily patterna

Back 16

circadian rhythms

Front 17

to pass along its genes to the enxt generation, any naimal that reproduces sexually needs to locate and mate with another emmber of its species at least once. - - is part of an overall reproductive strategy that helps many animals iddentify healthy mates

Back 17

courtship behavior

Front 18

an individual sends out stimuli, such as sounds, visual displays, or chemicals, in order to attract a member of hte opposite sex

Back 18

courtship

Front 19

often, members of a society are closely related to one another. related individuals share a large proportion of each other's genes. therefore, helping a relative increases the chance that the genes an individual shares with that relative

Back 19

will be apssed along to offspring

Front 20

specific area that is occupied and protected by an animal or group of animals

Back 20

territory

Front 21

a threatening behavior that one animal uses to gain control over another

Back 21

aggression

Front 22

the passing of information from one orgnaism to another

Back 22

communication

Front 23

animals may use - - - - to communicate with one another

Back 23

visual, sound touch, or chemical signals

Front 24

a system of communication that cmobines sounds, symbols, or gestures accordingt to sets of ruls about word order and meaning, such as grammar and syntax

Back 24

language