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156 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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epithelium
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cells covering external and internal surfaces of the body
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epidermis
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thin outer layer of skin
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squamous cell layer
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flat, scalelike epithelial cells comprising the outermost epidermis
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basal layer
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deepest layer of epidermis
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melanocyte
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cell in basal layer that gives color to the skin
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melanin
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dark brown to black pigment cantained in melanocytes
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dermis
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dense, fibrous connective tissue layer of the skin
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sebaceous glands
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oil glands in the skin
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sebum
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oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands
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sudoriferous glands
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sweat glands
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subcutaneous layer
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connective and adipose tissue layer just under the dermis
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collagen
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protein substance in skin and connective tissue
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hair
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outgrowth fo the skin composed of keratin
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nail
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outgrowth of skin at end of fingers and toes, composed of keratin
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keratin
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hair protein material found in the epidermis, hair, and nails
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lesion
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area of pathologically altered tissue
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primary lesions
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lesions arising from previously normal skin
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macule
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a flat discolored spot on the skin up to 1 cm across
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patch
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a flat discolored area on the skin larger than 1 cm
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papule
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a solid mass of skin up to .5 cm in diameter
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plaque
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a solid mass greater than 1 cm in diameter, limited to the surface of the skin
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nodule
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a solid mass great than 1 cm, extending deeper into the dpidermis
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tumor
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solid mass lager than 1-2 cm
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wheal
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an area of localized skin edema (swelling)
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vesicle
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little bladder; an elevated, fluid filled sac (blister) within or under the epidermis up to .5 cm in diameter
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bulla
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a blister lafter than .5 cm
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pustule
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a pus filled sac (pimple)
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secondary lesions
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lesions that result in the changes in primary lesions
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erosion
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gnawed awy; loss of superficial epidermis leaving an area of moisture but no bleeding
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ulcer
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an open sore on the skin or mucous membrane that can bleed and scar; sometimes accompanied by infection
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excoriation
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a scratch mark
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fissure
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a linear crack in the skin
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scale
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a think flake of exfoliated epidermis (dandruff)
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crust
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dried residue of serum, pus, or blood on skin
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cicatrix of the skin
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mark left by the healing of a sore or wound, showing the replacement of destroyed tissue by fibrous tissue (scar)
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keloid
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an abnormal overgrowth of scar tissue that is thick and irregular
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vascular lesions
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lesions of a blood vessel
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cherry angioma
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a small round bright red blood vessel tumor on the skin, orten on the trunk of the elderly
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telangiectasia
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a tiny red blood vessel lesion formed by the dialtion of a group of blood vessels radiating from a central arteriold, most commonly on the face neck and chest
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spider angioma
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telangiectasia
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purpuric lesions
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purpura; lesions resulting from hemorrhages into the skin
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petechia
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spot; reddish brown minutes hemorrhagic spots on the skin that indicate a bleeding tendency; a small purpura
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ecchymosis
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bruise
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epidermal tumors
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skin tumors arising from epidermis
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nevus
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birthmark; mole
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dysplastic nevus
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mole with precancerous changes
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verruca
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epidermal tumor caused by a papilloma virus; wart
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alopecia
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fox mange; baldness; deficiency of hair
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comedo
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blackhead
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eruption
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sppearance of a skin lesion
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erythema
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redness of skin
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pruritus
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severe itching
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rash
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a general term for skin eruption
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skin pigmentation
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skin color due to presence of melanin
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depigmentation
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loss of melanin pigment in skin
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hypopigmentation
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areas of skin lacking color due to deficient amounts of melanin
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hyperpigmentation
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darkened areas of skin caused by excessive amounts of melanin
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urticaria
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hives
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xeroderma
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dry skin
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acne
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inflammation of sebaceous glands and hair follicles of skin
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albinism
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hereditary condition characterized by a partial or total lack of melanin pigment
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burn
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injury to body issue caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, radiation, or gases
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first degree burn
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burn involving only epidermis
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second degree burn
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burn involving epidermis and dermis; blistering
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third degree burn
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burn involving all layers of skins
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dermatitis
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inflammation of skin
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dermatosis
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any disorder of the skin
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exanthermatous
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eruption of the skin caused by a viral disease
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rubella
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reddish; german measles
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rubeola
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reddish; 14 day measles
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varicella
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a tiny spot; chicken pox
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eczema
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to boil ou; swollen papules and vesicles that crust and scale with sensations of itching and burning
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furuncle
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boil; a painful nodule formed in the skin by inflammation originating in a hair follicle caused by staphylococcosis
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carbuncle
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skin infection sonsisting of clusters of furuncles
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abscess
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localized collection of pus in a cavity fromed by the inflammation of surrounding tissues whihc helas when drained or excised
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gangrene
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an eating sore; death of tissue associated wtih a loss of blood supply
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herpes simplex virus type 1
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transient viral vesicles that infect the facial area esp the mouth and nose
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herpes simplex virus type 2
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sexually transmitted ulcerlike lesioins of the genital and anorectal skin and mucosa; after inital infection the virus lies dormant in the nerve cell root and may recur at times of stress
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herpes zoster
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a viral disease affecting the peripheral nerves char by painful blisters that spread over the skin following affected nerves usu unilateral; aka shingles
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impetigo
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highly contagious bacterial skin inflam marked by pustules that rupture and become crusted most often around mouth and nose
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keratoses
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thickened areas of epidermis
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actinic keratoses
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localized thickening of the skin caused by excessive exposure to sunlight a known precursor to cancer
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solar keratoses
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localized thickening of the skin caused by excessive exposure to sunlight a known precursor to cancer
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seborrheic keratoses
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benign wartlike tumors
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lupus
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a chronic autoimmune disease char by inflam of various parts of body
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cutaneous lupus
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limited to skin; evidenced by a rash esp on face neck and scalp
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systemic lupus
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a more severe form of lupus involving skin joints and vital organs
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malignant cutaneous neoplasm
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skin cancer
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squamous cell carcinoma
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malignant tumor of squamous epithelium
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basal cell carcinoma
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malignant tumor of the basal layer of the epidermis (most common type of skin cancer)
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malignant melanoma
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a malignant tumor composed of melanocytes
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kaposis sarcoma
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a malignant tumor on fhte walls of blood vessels appearing as painless dark bluish purple plaques on the skin; often spreads to lymphnodes and internal organs
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onychia
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inflam of fingernail or toenail
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paronychia
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inflam of nail fold
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pediculosis
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infestation with lice tha cause itching and dermaitis
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pediculosis capitis
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head lice
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pediulosis pubis
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crabs
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psoriasis
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itchin; a chronic recurrent skin disease marked by silver gray scales covering red patches on skin; reults from overproduction and thickening of skin cells commonly at elbows knees genitals arms legs scalp and nails
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scabies
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contagious disease caused by a parasite that invades the skin causing an intense itch most often at articulations between fingers toes or elbow
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seborrhea
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skin cond marked by the hypersecretion of sebum from the sebaceous glands
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tinea
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group of fungal skin diseases identified by the body part affected incl tinea corpus (ringworm) and tinea pedis (athlete's foot)
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vitiligo
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condition caused by the destruction of melanin that results in the apperance of white patches on the skin
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biopsy (Bx)
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removal of a small piece of tissue for microscopic pathologic examination
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excisional Bx
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removal of an entire lesion
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incisional Bx
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removal of a selected portion of a lesion
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shave Bx
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technique using a surgical blade to "shave" tissue from epidermis and upper dermis
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culture and sensitivity (C&S)
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tech of isolating and growing colonies of microorganisms to identify a pathogen and to determine which drugs might be effective for combating it
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frozen section (FS)
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surgical technique involving cutting a thin piece of tissue from a frozen specimen for immediate pathologic examination
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skin tests
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methods for determining the reaction of the body to a given substance by applying it to or injecting it into the skin; commonly used in allergy tests
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scratch test
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test in which a substance is applied to skin thru a scratch
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patch test
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test in which a substance is applied topically to the skin on a small piece of blotting paper or wet cloth
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chemosurgery (chemical peel)
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tech for restoring wrinkled scarred or blemished skin by applying an acid solution to "peel" away top layers of skin
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cryosurgery
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destruction of tissue by freezing wtih application of an extremely cold chemical (liquid nitrogen)
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dermabrasion
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surgical removal of epidermis frozen by aerosol sray using wire brushes and emery papers to remove scars tattoos and wrinkles
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debridement
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removal of dead tissue from a wound or burn site to promote healing and to prevent infection
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curettage
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cleaning; scraping a wound using a spoonlike cutting inst called a curette; used for debridement
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electrosurgical procedures
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use of electric currents to destroy tissue; strength of the current and method of application may vary
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electrocautery
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use of an inst heated by electric current to coagulate bleeding areas by burning the tissue
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electrodesiccation
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use of high freq currents to destroy tissue by drying it; the active electrode makes direct contact with the skin lesion
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fulguration
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to lighten; use of long high freq electric sparks to destroy tissue; the active electrode does not touch skin
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incision and drainage (I&D)
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incision and drainage of an ifected skin lesion
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laser surgery
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surgery using a laser in various dermatological procedures to removve lesions scars tattoos
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laser
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light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation; produces a small exremely intense beam that is precise in depth and diameter; applied to body tissue to destroy lesions or to dissect
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mohs surgery
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tech used to excise tumors of skin by removing fresh tissue layer by layer until a tumor free plane is reached
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laser surgery
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surgery using a laser in various dermatological procedures to removve lesions scars tattoos
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skin grafting
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transfer of skin from one site to another to replace skin lost thru injury
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laser
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light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation; produces a small exremely intense beam that is precise in depth and diameter; applied to body tissue to destroy lesions or to dissect
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autograft
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graft transfer from the same person
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mohs surgery
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tech used to excise tumors of skin by removing fresh tissue layer by layer until a tumor free plane is reached
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skin grafting
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transfer of skin from one site to another to replace skin lost thru injury
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heterograft
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graft transfer from one species to another
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homograft
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graft transfer from another indiv of same species
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autograft
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graft transfer from the same person
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heterograft
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graft transfer from one species to another
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allograft
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graft transfer from another indiv of same species
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chemotherapy
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treatment of malignancies, infections and other diesease with chemical agents that destroy slected cells or impair their ability to reproduce
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homograft
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graft transfer from another indiv of same species
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allograft
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graft transfer from another indiv of same species
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radiation therapy
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treatment of neoplastic disease using ionizing radiation to deter proliferation of malignant cells
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sclerotherapy
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use of sclerosing agents in treating diseases
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chemotherapy
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treatment of malignancies, infections and other diesease with chemical agents that destroy slected cells or impair their ability to reproduce
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ultraviolet therapy
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use of UV light to promote healing of a skin lesion
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radiation therapy
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treatment of neoplastic disease using ionizing radiation to deter proliferation of malignant cells
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anesthetic
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a drug that temporarily blocks transmission of nerve conduction to produce a loss of sensation
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sclerotherapy
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use of sclerosing agents in treating diseases
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antibiotic
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a drug that kills or inhibis the growth of microorganisms
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ultraviolet therapy
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use of UV light to promote healing of a skin lesion
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antifungal
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a drug that kills or prevents the growth of fungi
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anesthetic
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a drug that temporarily blocks transmission of nerve conduction to produce a loss of sensation
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antibiotic
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a drug that kills or inhibis the growth of microorganisms
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antifungal
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a drug that kills or prevents the growth of fungi
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antihistamine
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a drug that blocks the effects of histamine in the body
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histamine
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a regulating body substance released in excess during allergic rxns causing swelling and inflm of tissues
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anti-inflammatory
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a drug that reduces inflam
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antipruritic
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a drug that relieves itching
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antiseptic
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an agent that inhibits growth of infectious microorganisms
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