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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Organic Compound |
A compound containing carbon |
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Macromolecules |
A giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules, usually by a dehydration reaction. |
Polysacharides, proteins, and nucleic acids are macromolecules |
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Valence |
The number of covalent bonds an atom can form |
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Hydrocarbons |
Organic molecules consisting of only carbon and hydrogen |
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Functional Groups |
A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and involved in chemical reactions |
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Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) |
Releases free energy when its phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed. This energy is used to drive endergonic reactions in cells |
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Polymer |
Long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds |
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Monomers |
The repeating units that serve as the building blocks of a polymer |
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Enzymes |
Specialized macromolecules that speed up chemical reactions |
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Dehydration Reaction |
A chemical reaction in which two molecules become covalently bonded to each other with the removal of a water molecule |
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Hydrolysis |
A chemical reaction that breaks bonds between two molecules by the addition of water; functions in disassembly of polymers to monomers |
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Carbohydrates |
A sugar (monosaccharide) or one of its dimers (disaccharides) or polymers (polysaccharides) |
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Monosaccharides |
The simplest carbohydrate, active alone or serving as a monomer for disaccharides and polysaccharides. Also known as simple sugars, they have molecular formulas that are generally some multiple of CH2O |
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