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100 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Which of the following statements regarding selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (RRSIs) is most correct?
SSRIs have fewer anticholinergic and cardiac effects than tricyclics.
The volume of plasma in an adult with a total blood volume of 6.5 liters is approximately?
6.5x0.55 = 3.6L
The primary component of the immune system is the?
Leukocyte
Fluid-refractory hypotension following a barbiturate overdose is treated MOST effectively with?
Dopamine
When chlorine gas comes in contact with the body’s mucous membranes, it forms?
Hydrochloric acid
Signs and symptoms of marijuana use include all of the following, EXCEPT?
Decreased appetite
Approximately one third of the body’s platelets:
are stored in the spleen.
With hyperbaric oxygen therapy, carbon monoxide is typically eliminated from the body within:
15 to 20 minutes
A 22-year-old man experienced an acid chemical burn to his left forearm. He complains of intense pain and tingling in his fingers. He is conscious and alert, and denies any other symptoms. You should:
begin immediate irrigation with water
Lithium is MOST commonly used to treat patients with:
bipolar disorder
Red blood cell production is stimulated by a protein secreted by the:
kidneys
Which of the following is NOT a common sign of lead poisoning?
Hypotension
Hematologic manifestations of lead poisoning include:
anemia
The recommended dose and method for administering naloxone to a patient who overdosed on a narcotic and is unresponsive and hypoventilating is:
2 mg injected slowly until the patient’s respirations improve
Prehospital treatment for a patient who overdosed on aspirin would MOST likely include:
sodium bicarbonate
From an anatomic and physiologic perspective, inhaled toxins:
quickly reach the alveoli and rapidly gain access to the circulatory system.
In contrast to chronic leukemia, acute leukemia occurs when:
bone marrow is replaced with abnormal lymphoblasts.
A patient who ingested a significant amount of ethylene glycol 6 hours ago would MOST likely present with:
slurred speech and ataxia
Crack is a combination of:
cocaine, baking soda, and water
You should be MOST suspicious that a patient has systemic iron toxicity if he or she presents with:
hematemesis
The toxic chemical in castor beans is:
ricin
Which of the following is NOT a main component of the hematologic system:
pancreas
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is MOST commonly used to:
facilitate sexual assault
Anemia would result from all of the following conditions, EXCEPT:
an increase in iron
Which of the following interventions generally is preferred for a patient who overdosed on a barbiturate more than 1 hour ago?
Activated charcoal
A metallic taste in the mouth, explosive diarrhea, and a skin rash are MOST indicative of:
arsenic poisoning
During your initial assessment of a patient with a hematologic disorder, your priority should be to:
note any signs and symptoms that may be immediately life threatening.
An acetone breath odor is common following exposure to all of the following toxins, EXCEPT:
camphor
The emotional state of craving a drug to maintain a feeling of well-being is defined as:
psychological dependence
Formed elements of the blood account for approximately ___% of the total blood volume.
45%
The poisonous part of the apricot plant is the ___, which contains:
seed, cyanide
Anemia resulting from an autoimmune disorder occurs when:
red blood cells are destroyed by the body’s own antibodies.
If an individual has A-positive blood:
his or her blood contains the Rh antigen
Pharmacologic management for a black widow-spider bite may include all of the following, EXCEPT:
sodium bicarbonate
You are dispatched to a residence for a 29-year-old woman with difficulty breathing. The patient was recently diagnosed with leukemia and has just completed her first round of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Upon arriving at the scene, you find the patient sitting in a recliner. Her level of consciousness is markedly diminished and her breathing is shallow. Her husband, obviously frightened, pleads with you to do something. You should FIRST:
move her to the floor and open her airway
You would expect a person to be hypertensive and tachycardic following exposure to all of the following, EXCEPT:
parathion
You are caring for an alcoholic patient who has been abstinent for about two days. The patient is confused, restless, and tells you that he sees snakes crawling on the walls. His blood pressure is 76/52 mmHg, pulse rate is 140 bpm and weak, and respirations are 24 breaths/min with adequate depth. In addition to administering oxygen, you should:
treat his hypotension with crystalloid fluid boluses.
The dieffencachia plant is also referred to as “dumb cane” because:
ingestion can result in the patient being unable to speak.
The bioavailability and excretion rate of a toxin are influenced MOST by the:
amount of the toxin and the relative speed at which it is metabolized
Which of the following interventions is influenced strongly by the amount of time that has elapsed since a patient ingested a toxic substance?
Gastric lavage
As multiple myeloma progresses, the patient would MOST likely experience:
spontaneous fractures
Production of clotting factors is a function of the:
liver
Management for a ingested poison focuses mainly on:
neutralizing the poison in the stomach
Which of the following statements regarding sickle cell disease is MOST correct:
patients with sickle cell disease become hypoxic because their misshapen red blood cells are poor carriers of oxygen
Alcohol potentiates Valium. This means that:
alcohol enhances the effects of the Valium
Clinical signs and symptoms following exposure to a toxin will manifest MOST rapidly if the patient:
breathes in the toxic chemical
Which of the following is atypical of an alcoholic:
chronically pale face and palms
Pulse oximetry will not provide a true assessment of arterial oxygenation in patients with carbon monoxide (CO) toxicity because:
the device cannot determine whether CO or oxygen is bound to the hemoglobin.
Most of the blood’s formed elements are:
erythrocytes
Which of the following is a sign of severe barbiturate withdrawal?
Hallucinations
Which of the following ECG abnormalities is MOST suggestive of cocaine toxicity?
Prolongation of the QT interval
The MOST common and reliable sign of pit viper envenomation is:
rapidly developing edema around the bite area
Which of the following cardiac medications has a small therapeutic window and the GREATEST propensity to reach toxic levels?
Digoxin
In which of the following situations would a transfusion reaction MOST likely occur?
A person with type O blood receives type AB blood
Cyanide blocks the utilization of oxygen at the cellular level by:
combining with cytochrome oxidase
Which of the following statements regarding the black widow spider is MOST correct?
Following a black widow spider bite, the patient’s abdomen is often rigid due to severe muscle spasms
The hematocrit is the:
overall percentage of red blood cells in the blood
During the second stage of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy:
decreased clotting factors cause uncontrolled hemorrhage
Inadvertent lithium toxicity would MOST likely occur in a patient who is taking:
a tricyclic antidepressant
You would expect a person’s hematocrit to be low if he or she:
is hemorrhaging
Common signs and symptoms of lymphoma include:
night sweats and chills
The primary site for cell production in the human body is the:
bone marrow
Indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma:
may never spread from the lymphoid system
Which of the following questions often yields the LEAST reliable answer when questioning a patient who intentionally exposed himself or herself to a toxic substance?
Why did you take the substance?
Cardiac arrest following a narcotic overdose is usually the result of:
respiratory arrest
Abdominal pain that is associated with polycythemia is usually associated with:
an enlarged spleen
Regulatory functions of blood include:
transporting hormones to their target organs
Spray paints and lacquer thinner contain ___, and typically cause ___ when they are inhaled recreationally.
Toluene, hallucinations and mania
A patient with thrombocytopenia:
has a decreased platelet count
You receive a call to a residence for a patient who is “sick.” Upon arriving at the scene, you find the patient, a 39-year-old woman, lying on the couch with a wet washcloth on her forehead. She is conscious and alert, and tells you that she has had several episodes of diarrhea and noticed bright red blood in her stool. Her pulse rate is rapid and weak, her skin is cool and clammy, and her blood pressure is 98/58 mmHg. Her medical history is significant for hemophilia, for which she is receiving factor VIII therapy. As you pull out a nonrebreathing mask, she tells you that her husband will be home in a few hours, and that he will take her to the hospital. You should:
advise her that her condition dictates immediate transport to the hospital and that delaying transport could result in deathTre
Treatment for cyanide poisoning includes all of the following, EXCEPT:
calcium gluconate
A young man is found unresponsive by his girlfriend. Your assessment reveals marked respiratory depression, a slow, weak pulse, and pinpoint pupils. There are numerous medication bottles found in his home. Of these, he has MOST likely ingested:
Percodan
Severe salicylate toxicity produces:
metabolic acidosis
You are transporting a young female who intentionally ingested a large quantity of her prescribed Pamelor. She is conscious, but drowsy, and complains of a dry mouth and blurred vision. The cardiac monitor reveals sinus tachycardia at 120 beats/min. You are administering high-flow oxygen and have established a patent IV line. With regard to her ECG rhythm, you should be especially alert for:
QRS widening
In adult patients, oral ingestion of a caustic substance:
is usually intentional
The MOST immediate danger to a deeply unconscious patient with acute alcohol intoxication is:
aspiration of vomitus
The hyperpnea and tachypnea associated with methyl alcohol intoxication is secondary to:
metabolic acidosis
Once in the body, approximately 90% of inorganic lead accumulates in:
bone
A 23-year-old woman with sickle cell disease presents with severe joint pain and fever (102.5). She is conscious and alert, and tells you that her symptoms began yesterday and suddenly worsened today. Her blood pressure is 118/76 mmHg, pulse rate is 120 beats/min and regular, and respirations are 24 breaths/min with adequate depth. After applying high-flow oxygen, and initiating transport, you should:
ensure that she is in a comfortable position, cover her with a blanket, start an IV line at a KVO rate, and monitor her throughout transport.
Which of the following statements regarding methyl alcohol is MOST correct?
Methyl alcohol is also known as wood alcohol, and is present in paints, paint removers, windshield washer fluid, and varnishes.
You are transporting a 55-year-old woman to the hospital. The patient has lymphoma and complains of generalized, severe pain. She is receiving supplemental oxygen and has an IV line of normal saline established. Her blood pressure is 110/64 mmHg, pulse rate is 104 beats/min and regular, and respirations are 22 breaths/min and adequate. You should:
administer narcotic analgesia as needed while closely monitoring her blood pressure
Patients with type A hemophilia:
have a deficiency of factor VIII
When heroin passes through the liver:
it is metabolized into acetyl-morphine, which continues to exert narcotic effects that may outlast the effects of naloxone
The MOST common cause of death following a tricyclic antidepressant overdose is:
a cardiac dysrhythmia
Which of the following is NOT typically associated with leukemia?
Absence of fever
Appropriate prehospital treatment for a patient who has overdosed on a stimulant and is excessively tachycardic and violent includes all of the following, EXCEPT:
beta-adrenergic antagonists
A known alcoholic man is found unresponsive by a law enforcement officer. An empty container of antifreeze was found near him. Your assessment reveals that his respirations are deep and rapid, his pulse rate is rapid and weak, and his pupils are dilated and sluggishly reactive. As your partner administers high-flow oxygen to the patient, you should:
start an IV line and begin administering a saline fluid bolus
The MOST important prehospital treatment intervention for a patient with carbon monoxide poisoning is:
high-flow oxygen
Toxic effects of alcohol on the liver include all of the following, EXCEPT:
hyperglycemia
A painless, progressive enlargement of the lymphoid glands that most commonly affects the spleen and lymph nodes is called:
Hodgkin lymphoma
Any sympathomimetic drug will cause:
tachycardia
Unlike dermal exposure to a strong acid, dermal exposure to a strong alkali:
requires longer irrigation with water because alkalis are less water soluble
Upon arriving at the scene of an incident involving a chlorine gas spill, you should:
remove all patients from the scene
During you assessment of a 33-year-old woman who you suspect is under the influence of a drug, the patient tells you that she was “listening to the painting on the wall” before you arrived. Her pulse rate and blood pressure are both elevated. This clinical presentation is MOST consistent with the use of:
methamphetamine
Which of the following statements regarding leukemia is MOST correct?
Leukemia is the result of abnormal white blood cell development
A patient who presents with petechiae is MOST likely:
thrombocytopenic
You are transferring a 60-year-old man with COPD from a community hospital to a metropolitan hospital. The patient is mildly dyspneic, but is otherwise stable. He is receiving oxygen via nasal cannula, has an IV line of normal saline in place, and an ECG applied. When reading his chart, you note that he has polycythemia, a history of a prior stroke, and HTN. The patient tells you that he feels a fluttering sensation in his chest. You glance at the cardiac monitor and see a narrow complex tachycardia at a rate of 160 beats/min. The patient’s blood pressure is 116/70 mmHg and he remains conscious and alert. You should:
ensure adequate oxygenation and ventilation, administer 6 mg of adenosine, and reassess his cardiac rhythm
Patients with delirium tremens often experience:
hallucinations
Poisoning with ___ is MOST often the result of improper food storage or canning:
clostridium botulinum
If you are treating a patient with a suspected benzodiazepine overdose, and find that the patient is hypotensive, bradycardic and comatose:
you should consider concomitant overdose with another CNS depressant