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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Archea |
Second domain in taxonomy. Consist of a diverse group of prokaryotic organisms that inhabit a wide variety of environments. The first prokaryotes assigned to this domain live in environments so harsh that few other organisms could survive there. They share the some traits with bacteria and eukaryotes. |
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Gram Positive |
indicates a thick cell wall These cells have simpler walls and a relatively large amount of peptideoglycan. |
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Peptideoglycan |
Found in most bacterial cell walls. A polymer composed of modified sugars cross-linked by short polypeptides. Encloses the entire bacterium and anchors other molecules that extend from its surface. |
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Obligate aerobe |
Carry out only fermentation or anaerobic respiration. Cannot survive in the presence of oxygen. Most use O2 for cellular respiration and cannot grow without it.
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Commensalism |
an ecological relationship in which one species benefits while the other is neither harmed or helped in any way. |
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Endospore |
A thick-coated, resistant cell produced by some bacterial cells when they are exposed to harsh conditions. |
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Plasmid |
small, independently replicating DNA molecules found in some prokaryotic cells. |
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Transformation |
the genotype, and possibly phenotype, of a prokaryotic cell, are altered by the uptake of foreign DNA from its surroundings. |
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Biofilm |
Surface-coating colonies where prokaryotic species experience metabolic cooperation. Cells secrete signalling molecules that recruit nearby cells causing the colonies to grow. |
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Bioremediation |
A way to harness prokaryotes. The use of organisms to remove pollutants from soil, air and water. |
