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31 Cards in this Set
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United Nations |
an international peacekeeping organization to which most nations in the world belong, founded in 1945 to promote world peace, security, and economic development. |
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Satellite nation |
a country that is dominated politically and economically by another nation. |
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containment |
the blocking of another nation’s attempts to spread its influence—especially the efforts of the United States to block the spread of Soviet influence during the late 1940s and early 1950s. |
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Iron curtain |
phrase used by Winston Churchill in 1946 to describe an imaginary line that separated Communist countries in the Soviet bloc of Eastern Europe from countries in Western Europe. |
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Cold War |
the state of hostility, without direct military conflict, that developed between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II. |
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Truman Doctrant |
a U.S. policy, announced by President Harry S. Truman in 1947, of providing economic and military aid to free nations threatened by internal or external Opponents. |
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Marshall Plan |
the program, proposed by Secretary of State George Marshall in 1947, under which the United States supplied economic aid to European nations to help them rebuild after World War II. |
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Berlin airlift |
a 327-day operation in which U.S. and British planes flew food and supplies into West Berlin after the Soviets blockaded the city in 1948. |
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North Alantic Treaty Orginization (NATO) |
a defensive military alliance formed in 1949 by ten Western European countries, the United States, and Canada. |
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Chiang Kai-shek |
The United States supported Chiang. Between 1945 and 1949, the American government sent the Nationalists approximately $3 billion in aid |
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Mao Zendong |
Led communist to gain strength through out the country |
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Taiwan |
In May 1949, Chiang and the remnants of his demoralized government fled to the island of Taiwan, which Westerners called Formosa. |
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38th parallel |
38* north latitude where the Japanese surrendered to the Soviets |
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Korean War |
a conflict between North Korea and South Korea, lasting from 1950 to 1953, in which the United States, along with other UN countries, fought on the side of the South Koreans and China fought on the side of the North Koreans. |
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House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) |
a congressional committee that investigated Communist influence inside and outside the U.S. government in the years following World War II. |
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Hollywood Ten |
ten witnesses from the film industry who refused to cooperate with the HUAC’s investigation of Communist influence in Hollywood. |
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Blacklist |
a list of about 500 actors, writers, producers, and directors who were not allowed to work on Hollywood films because of their alleged Communist connections. |
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Alger Hiss |
Was accused for spying on US for Soviets. |
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Ethel and Julis Rosenburg |
minor activists in the American Communist Party. |
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Joseph McCarthy |
Republican for Wisconsin, Most famous Anti-Communist activist. |
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McCarthyism |
the attacks, often unsubstantiated, by Senator Joseph McCarthy and others on people suspected of being Communists in the early 1950s. |
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H-Bomb |
the hydrogen bomb—a thermonuclear weapon much more powerful than the atomic bomb. |
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Dwight D. Eisenhour |
Was the president when the H-Bomb was created |
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John Foster Dulles |
Secretary of State, Was a huge Anti-communist |
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Brinkmanship |
the practice of threatening an enemy with massive military retaliation for any aggression. |
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Central Intelligance Agency (CIA) |
As the nation shifted to a dependence on nuclear arms, the Eisenhower administration began to rely heavily on the recently formed the CIA |
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Warsaw Pact |
a military alliance formed in 1955 by the Soviet Union and its Eastern European satellites. |
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Eisenhower Doctrine |
a U.S. commitment to defend the Middle East against attack by any communist country, announced by President Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1957. |
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Nikita Khrushchev |
Like Stalin, Khrushchev believed that communism would take over the world, but Khrushchev thought it could triumph peacefully. He favored a policy of peaceful coexistence in which two powers would compete economically and scientifically. |
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Francis Gary Powers |
a U-2 piolet explained "We knew that the Russians were radar-tracking at least some of our ights. We also knew that SAMs [surface-to-air missiles] were being red at us, that some were uncomfortably close to our altitude. But we knew too that theRussians had a control problem in their guidance system. We were concerned, but not greatly. |
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U-2 incident |
the downing of a U.S. spy plane and capture of its pilot by the Soviet Union in 1960. |
