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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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San Juan Hill
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series of hills east of Santiago, Cuba, Spanish soldiers entrenched themselves in these during the Spanish-American war
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Isolationism
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belief that the US should stay out of entanglements w/other nations; widespread after Spanish-American War, influenced later policy
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McKinley Tariff Act
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passed by Republican Congress, raised tariff duties about 4%, higher than ever before
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Wilson-Gorman Tariff Act
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modest duty reductions- coal, iron ore, wool & sugar; ended reciprocity agreements w/other countries; some duties higher than ever before
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Yellow Journalism
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William Randolph Hearst & Joseph Pulitzer- blatant sensationalization of the news- helped turn US public opinion against Spain's actions in Cuba
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Teller Amendment
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Henry Teller; Colorado; US- not annex Cuba; recognize Cuban independence after Spanish -American War
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Monroe Doctrine
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declared western hemisphere off limits to new European colonization; US promised not to meddle w/ European affairs
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Imperialism
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Control of a large nation over a smaller one thru economic, political & militant means
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Treaty of Paris 1898
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ended Spanish/American WAr; spain recognized Cuba's independence & assumed debt; Ceded Puerto Rico, Guam, & Philippines; ratified Feb 6, 1899
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Open Door Policy
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John Hay 1900; series of notes; established free trade b/w the US & China; attempted to enlist major European & Asian nations to recognize the Territorial integrity of China; departure from isolationism; signaled growing involvement in the world
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Platt Amendment
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Cuban Constitution; authorized US intervention in Cuba to protect its interests; Cuba couldnt make treaties w/countries that may compromise independence; granted naval bases such as Guantanamo Bay to the US
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Foraker act
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established Puerto Rico as an unorganized US territory; not given US citizenship; but US pres appointed island's governor & council
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Anti-Imperialist League
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against treaty of Paris; opposed the acquisition of overseas colonies by US; believed it would subvert American ideals & institutions; centered in New England; less popular in South & West
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Josiah Strong
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a congressional minister & fervent expansionist; traveled west for the home missionary society; wanted to expand trade
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"Our Country'
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Josiah Strong 1885; expand trade & dominion; Anglo-Saxons-civilize & christianize inferior races
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"The influence of Sea Power upon History"
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Alfred Thayer Mahan 1890; more goods need more markets; need large merchant marine & powerful navy
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William Henry Seward
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secratary of state 1861-1869; expansive foreign policy; annexed midway islands; treaty w/ Russia for Alaska (Sewards Foly); Annex Canada eventually
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Queen Liliuokalani
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Hawaii; after King Kalakaua died; resentful of white rule; drew up constitution to give greater power to Native Hawaiians; Americans revolted & she was removed from the throne
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Alfred Thayer Mahan
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eras most influential naval strategist; graduated Naval Academy in 1859; influence of sea power; headed Newport Naval War College; believed American had to win the worldwide race for power
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George Dewey
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1st hero of Spanish-American war; promoted from Commodore to Admiral after the naval victory at Manila Bay
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Valeriano Weyler
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Spanish general; relentless & brutal; put concentration policy into effect for rebels
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Charles Francis Adams
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Anti-Imperialist; possession of colonies meant big armies, govt, & debt; said that an income tax was looming
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USS Maine
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Battleship at Havana; riding at anchor; explosion tore thru the hall; 226 lives were lost; blamed on Spain; "Remember the Maine and to hell w/ Spain" ; most likely internal causes
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"Splendid Little War"
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10 weeks; Spanish-American war; quick American victory; verify burgeoning American power; hometown military units
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Reconcentration policy
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Gen. Weyler; designed to move the native population of Cuba into camps to destroy the rebellions popular base
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Walter Lafeber
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believed: "The US did not set out on an expansionist path in the late 1890s in a sudden spur of the moment fashion. The over seas empire that Americans controlled in 1900 was not a break in their history, but a natural culmination."
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John Hay
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Secretary of State; open door policy; called Spanish -American War "Splendid Little War"
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