Ch 20 Fundementals

Front 1

Which of the following accurately describes the behavior of the middle adult?

a. Believes in establishment of self but fears being pulled back into the family.

Usually substitutes new roles for old roles and perhaps continues formal roles in a new context.

c. Looks inward accepts life span as having definite boundaries and has special interest in spouse friends and community.

d. Looks forward but also looks back and begins to reflect on his or her life.

Back 1

c

Front 2

Which of the following aging theories assumes that healthy aging is related to the ability of older adult to continue similar patterns of behavior that existed in young to middle adulthood?

a. Idenity continuity theory

b. Disengagement theory

c. Activity theory

d. Life review theory

Back 2

a.

Front 3

Based on an understanding of the cognitive changes that normally occur with aging what would you expect a newly hospitalized older adult to do?

a. Talk rapidly but be confused

b. Withdraw from strangers

c. Interrupt with frequent questions

d. Take longer to respond and react.

Back 3

d.

Front 4

Which of the following nursing actions would help maintain safety in the older adult?

a. Treat each patient as a unique individual.

b. Orient the patient to new surroundings

c. Encourage independence.

d. Provide planned rest and activity times.

Back 4

b

Front 5

As defined by Erickson in what stage of human development is the older adult?

a. Intimacy vs isolation

b. Identity vs role diffusion

c. Ego integrity vs despair

d. Generativity vs stagnation

Back 5

c

Front 6

According to Havighurst, which of the following is a developmental task of a older adulthood?

a. Adjusting to declining physical strength and health

b. Moving from ones own home to the home of others

c. Learning to live by oneself after losing a spouse

d. Establishing oneself in the community

Back 6

a

Front 7

Which of the following adult developmental theorists viewed the middle yours as a time when adults increase their feelings of self satisfaction value their spouse as a companion and become more concerned with health?

a. Erickson

b. Levinson

c. Piaget

d. Gould

Back 7

d

Front 8

Which of the following is a developmental task of the middle adult?

a. Selecting a life partner

b. Establishing and guiding the next generation

c. Establishing a social network

d. Forming a person philosophical and ethical structure.

Back 8

b

Front 9

Which of the following statements about the older adult is accurate?

a. Old age begins at age 65

b. Personality is not changed by chronological aging

c. Most older adults are ill and institutionalized.

d. Intelligence declines with age.

Back 9

b

Front 10

Which of the following are considered to be normal physical changes in the middle adult? (select all that apply)

a. Skin moisture increases

b. Hormone production increases

c. Hearing acuity diminishes

d. Cognitive ability diminishes

e. Cardiac output begins to decrease.

f. There is a loss of calcium from bones.

Back 10

c, e, f

Front 11

Which of the following statements accurately describe the role of the middle adult? (select all that apply)

a. A task of the middle adult is to guide the next generation.

b. A task of the middle adult is to prepare for separation from family and friends.

c. One role of the middle adult is to adjust to the needs of aging parents.

d. According to Levinson middle adults may choose either to continue an established lifestyle or reorganize their life in a period of midlife transition.

e. Gould viewed the middle yours as a time when adults look inward and accept their life span as having definite boundaries.

f. Persons in the middle adult years must adjust to decreased personal freedom and economic instability.

Back 11

a, c, d, e

Front 12

Which of the following statements concerning the physical condition of older adults are accurate? (select all that apply)

a. In older adults all organs undergo some degree of decline in overall functioning.

b. Body functions that require integrated activity of several organ systems are affected the most in older adults.

c. Most older adults experience severe limitations in activities.

d. Statistically one out of every five older adults suffers from at lest one chronic illness.

e. An older adult who lives alone is at greatest risk for loss of independence.

f. An older adults ability to adapt determines whether he or she is ill or healthy.

Back 12

a, b, e, f

Front 13

Which of the following facts regarding Alzheimers disease (AD) are accurate? (select all that apply)

a. AD accounts for about 1/3 of cases of dementia in the US.

b. AD primarily affects young to middle adults.

c. Scientists estimate that more than 4 million people have AD

d. The number of people with AD doubles every 5yrs beyond age 65.

e. AD affects brain cells and is characterized by patchy areas of the brain that degenerate.

f. AD is a progressive serious by not life threatening disease.

Back 13

c, d, e

Front 14

Which of the following accurately describe conditions found in older adulthood?

a. Sundowning Syndrome is a condition in which and older adult habitually becomes confused restless and agitated after dark.

b. Delirium is a permanent state of confustion occurring in older adulthood.

c. Depression is a prolonged or extreme state of sadness occuring in many older adults.

As many as 50% of adults 65 years and older experience an episode of delirium during a hospitalization.

e. Polypharmacy is a term that is used to describe the habit of older adults to use many pharmacies to obtain their prescription drugs.

f. A significant percentage of older adults limit their activities because of fear of falling that might result in serious health consequences.

Back 14

a, c, f

Front 15

_________ is a chemical reaction that produces damage to the DNA and cell death.

Back 15

Cross Linkage

Front 16

A middle adult is considered to be in the age range of ______ to _______

Back 16

40 to 65

Front 17

The term ____________ describes the middle adult who is involved in relationships with his or her own children and aging family members.

Back 17

Sandwich generation.

Front 18

The older adult period is often further divided into the young old ages ______ to _______; The middle old ages _____ to ____; and the old old ages ________ to _______.

Back 18

60 to 64 young old

75 to 84 middle old age

85 to older old old

Front 19

A nurse who believes that all older adults take more time to answer interview question due to slowed metal processes is guilty of a form of stereotyping known as _____________

Back 19

Ageism

Front 20

The ____________ theory of aging assumes that healthy aging is related to the older adults ability to continue similar patterns of behavior from young and middle adulthood.

Back 20

Identity Continuity

Front 21

When an older adult tells the nurse about his successes on the golf course, he is engaging in what is termed ____________ or ____________.

Back 21

Life review or reminiscence

Front 22

___________ is the most common degenerative neurological illness and the most common cause of cognitive impairment.

Back 22

Alzheimer Disease

Front 23

A nurse who shows a patient with dementia a visit from her family is practicing what is commonly known as _____________

Back 23

Reality orientation

Front 24

___________ is the scientific and behavioral study of all aspects of aging and its consequences.

Back 24

Gerontology

Front 25

Describe the characteristics of Middle to older adulthood

1. Physiologic development

2. Psychosocial development

3. Cognitive, moral, spiritual development

Back 25

1. The early years are marked by maximum physical development and functioning. As time passes gradual internal and external changes occur.

2. Usually a time of increased personal freedom, economic stability social relationships, increased responsibility, and awareness of ones own mortality.

3. Intellectual abilities change from those of the young adult. There is increased motivation to learn. Problem solving abilities remain although response time may be slightly longer.

Front 26

List five health promotion activities recommend for all middle adults

Back 26

1. Complete physical examination every year.

2. Annual dental examination

3. Eye examination every 1 to 2 years

4. Maintenance of current immunization.

5. Cancer screening for women.

Front 27

This explains that life span depends to a great extent on genetic factors

Back 27

Genetic theory

Front 28

Focuses on the function of the immune system which declines steadily after young adulthood

Back 28

Immunity theory

Front 29

As one ages cross links accumulate leading to essential molecules in the cell binding together and interfering with normal cell functioning

Back 29

Cross linkage theory

Front 30

Free radicals formed during cellular metabolism are molecules with separated high energy electrons that can have adverse effects on and attack electrons that can have adverse effects on and attack adjacent molecules.

Back 30

Free radical theory

Front 31

Maintains that an older adult withdraws from societal interaction because it is mutually desired and stratifying for both the individual and society.

Back 31

Disengagement Theory

Front 32

Successful aging involves the ability to maintain high levels of activity and functioning.

Back 32

Activity theory

Front 33

Assumes that healthy aging is related to the ability of the older adult to continue similar patterns of behavior that existed in young to middle adulthood

Back 33

Identity continuity theory