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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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p53 |
*Tumor suppressor gene - involved in cancers in wide ranges of tissue - Mutated in half human cancers - plays important roes when cells are exposed to stressful or harmful environments |
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P21 |
*Less severe DNA damage - gene expression induced by p53 - binds to Cdk-complex -- deactivates Cdk complex --prevents S-phase entry |
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Apoptosis |
*Highly severe DNA damage - triggered by p53 - harmless event - Programs cell death |
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Lost p53 |
- mutant cells continue through cell cycle - mutant cells escape apoptosis - accumulation of further mutations as they divide |
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Genetic instability |
*when p53 lost - accumulation of further mutations as cells divide |
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Mechanism of lost p53 |
1) DNA damage occurs on chromosome and removes telomere 2) Cell enters S-phase and replicates damaged DNA 3) Replicated sister chromatids fuse at ends with no telomeres 4) sister chromatids undergo mitosis and pull apart causing breakage 5) broken sister chromatids repeat replication process **mutated cells accumulate |
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Ionizing radiation |
*Current theory for lost p53 damaged cells - causes massive mitotic failure and cell death - after cell division - causes tumor regression |
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Problems of conventional cell therapy |
1) side effects 2) heterogeneity of tumor cell populations 3) Acquired resistance |
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Antiangiogenesis therapy |
**stop tumor cells from growing own blood vessels 1) little to no side effects 2) effective to all solid tumors 3) little resistance |
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Tumor regression |
*tumor cell w/o p53 - ionizing radiation causes mitotic failure - cell death causes... |
