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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Inferior courts |
Lower federal courts |
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Jurisdiction |
The authority of a court to hear a case |
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Exclusive jurisdiction |
Cases that can be heard only in the federal courts |
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Concurrent jurisdiction |
Federal and state courts share the power to hear a case |
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Plaintiff |
Person who files suit |
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Defendant |
The person whom the complaint is against |
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Original jurisdiction |
A court in which a case is first heard |
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Appellate jurisdiction |
A court that hears a case on appeal from a lower court |
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Criminal case |
One in which a defendant is tried for committing some action that Congress has declared by law to be a federal crime |
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Civil case |
A case involving a noncriminal matter such as a contract dispute or a claim of patent infringement |
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Docket |
A court's list of cases to be heard |
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Writ of certiorari |
An order by the court directing a lower court to send up the record in a given case for its review |
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Certificate |
A method of putting a case before the Supreme Court; used when a lower court is nit clear about a procedure or rule of law that should apply in a case and asks the Supreme Court to certify the answer to a specific question |
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Majority opinion |
The Court's opinion |
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Precedents |
The majority opinions; or examples to be allowed in similar cases as they arise in the lower courts or reach the Supreme Court |
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Concurring opinion |
To add or emphasize a point that was not made in the majority opinion |
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Dissenting opinions |
Often written by justices who do not agree with the Court's majority decision |
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Redress |
Satisfaction of a claim, payment |
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Courts-marital |
Military courts |
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Civilian tribunal |
A court operating as part of the judicial branch, entirely separate from the military establishment |