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12 Cards in this Set

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actual evapotranspiration (AET)

the amount of water lost from an ecosystem to the atmosphere due to a combination of evaporation and transpiration by plants

bottom-up control

control of a community or ecosystem by physical or chemical factors such as temperature or nutrient availability

ecological efficiency

the percentage of energy in the biomass at a lower trophic level that is transferred to the biomass at the next higher trophic level; ecological efficiency varies from approximately 5% to 20%

gross primary production

the total biomass produced by the primary producers in an ecosystem over some interval of time

net primary production

the amount of biomass left over after autotrophs have met their own energetic needs.


-is gross primary production minus respiration by primary producers; it is the amount of energy in the form of biomass available to the consumers in an ecosystem

primary production

the production of organic matter, or biomass, by autotrophs in an ecosystem; in most ecosystems, the most significant autotrophs are photosynthetic

rate of primary production

the amount of energy fixed by the autotrophs in an ecosystem over some interval of time

top-down control

the control or influence of consumers on ecosystem processes

trophic cascade

effects of predators on prey that alter abundance, biomass, or productivity of a population, community, or trophic level across more than one link in the food web

trophic dynamics

the transfer of energy from one part of an ecosystem to another

trophic level

trophic position in an ecosystem; for instance, primary producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer, and so forth

t-test

a statistical test used to compare pairs of samples of measurements with approximately normal distributions and equal variances